A Rare Case of Pseudomembranous Colitis Presenting with Pleural Effusion and Ascites with Literature Review

Table 2

Summary of case reports on CDI presenting with hydrothorax and ascites as the main symptoms.

Study by	Year	Age (y)	Primary disease	Antibiotics treatment before CDI/duration	Pleural effusion	Ascites	Antibiotic/duration	Outcome
Shen et al. [12]	2009	61	Ulcerative colitis/10 d after intestinal operation	Ampicillin IV/NG	−	+	Vancomycin PO/NG metronidazole IV/NG	Died
Dong in nam et al. [13]	2015	80	Hypertension	Ceftriaxone 2.0 g/day	+	+		Cured
Tsourous et al. [14]	2007	60	Type 2 diabetes/PAOD/soft tissue infection combined with osteomyelitis	Amoxicillin, clindamycin PO/40 d	−	+	Vancomycin PO/NG	Cured
Boaz et al. [15]	2000	25	Oral cavity infection	Clindamycin PO/10 d	+	+	Vancomycin PO/NG	Cured
Pang et al. [4] (according to the narration)	2015	71	Gastrointestinal bleeding due to cirrhosis	Ceftriaxone IV/14 d	−	+	Ornidazole PO/14 d	Cured
Zukerman et al. [16]	1997	54	AIDS/pneumocystosis	SMX, RMP PO/7 m	−	+	–	Died
		48	Heroin IV usage/URI	Erythromycin NG/7d	−	+	Metronidazole NG/NG	Cured
		30	AIDS/P. aeruginosa pneumonia	Ceftazidime, gentamicin IV/NG	−	+	Vancomycin PO/14 d	Cured
		33	AIDS	SMX, fluconazole NG/NG	−	+	Metronidazole/PO/14 d	Cured
		58	CAP	Erythromycin NG/6 d	−	+	Metronidazole PO/21 d	Cured
Zwiener et al. [17]	1982	2.5	Otitis media	Amoxicillin NG/10 d	+	+	Vancomycin PO/14 d	Relapsed
Yujian Liang et al. [4]	2020	6	Diffuse large B cell lymphoma	Vancomycin, imipenem IV/3 d	+	+	Vancomycin PO/12 d	Cured
Alsultan MH et al. [18]	2021	25	End-stage renal disease (ESRD)	Levofloxacin, ceftazidime, metronidazole	+	+	vancomycin (250 mg/4 times daily) metronidazole (500 mg/3 times daily)	Cured
Our case	2021	72	COVID-19	Cefixime, gentamicin	+	+	Vancomycin PO/14 d metronidazole/PO/14d	Cured