PML-RARA Fusion Transcripts Detectable 8 Months prior to Promyelocytic Blast Crisis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Table 3

Summary of 21 reported cases of promyelocytic blast crisis in CML.

Sex	Age (years)	Treatment during CML chronic phase	Interval between CML diagnosis and blast crisis	Treatment during promyelocytic blast phase	Conventional cytogenetic results	Survival (after blast crisis onset)/outcome	Reference
F	82	Imatinib	2 years	ND	ND^‡	ND	[9]
M	22	N/A	Concurrent	ATRA, chemotherapy, allogeneic SCT	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11) [5], 47, XY, t(9;22), +8, t(15;17)(q22;q11-21) [4]^‡	118 days after allogeneic SCT	[10]
M	31	Cytosine arabinoside, 6-thioguanine^#	27 months	ND	46, XY, t(9;22) [40%], 46, XY, t(9;22), t(15;17)(q15;q21) [60%]	3 months	[11]
F	69	Imatinib	13 months	ATRA, idarubicin, Ara-C, imatinib, ATO	46, XX, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), t(15;17)(q22;q12) [19], 46, XX [1]^§‡	Complete molecular response	[12]
F	85	None^#	10 months	None	46, XX, t(9;22), t(15;17)(q22;q21) [100%]	2 days	[13]
M	78	Imatinib, dasatinib	7 years	ATRA, ATO	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), t(15;17)(q24;q21) [100%]^§‡	2 months	[14]
M	32	Imatinib	6 months	ATRA, imatinib	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11), t(15;?;17)(q22;?;q21) [100%]^§‡	Complete remission	[15]
M	37	Misulban^#	10 months	Daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside	46,(9;22), t(15;17) [26], 46, t(9;22) [5]	ND	[16]
F	52	Hydroxyurea^#	3 years	Mitoxantrone, etoposide	t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), t(15;17)(q24;q11.2–12) [9]	6 weeks	[17]
M	55	Hydroxyurea^#	2 years	ATRA, mitoxantrone, cytosine arabinoside, etoposide	t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), t(15;17)(q22;q11.2–12) [2]	ND	[17]
M	60	ND^#	3 years	Cytarabine, mitoxantrone, etoposide, idarubicine, 6-thioguanine	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11)[40%], 46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11), t(15;17)(q22;q21) [60%]^§	3 weeks	[18]
M	50	ND^#	3 years	ND	46, XY, t(9;12;22)(q34;q22;q11) [43.8%], 46, XY, t(9;12;22)(q34;q22;q11), t(15;17)(q22;q12–21) [56.2%]	ND	[19]
M	30	Busulfan^#	10 months	N^4-Behenoyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine, daunorubicin, 6-mercaptopurine, prednisone	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11) [25%], 46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11), t(3;21)(q12;q22) [75%]^◊	5 months	[20]
F	32	Busulfan^#	8 years	Doxorubicin	74, XX, t(9;22), t(9;22)(3n±)^◊	1 month	[21]
M	3	Busulfan, alpha-2a interferon, hydroxyurea, cytarabine^#	3.5 years	“Chemotherapy”	Hypodiploidy, t(9;22), iso(17q)^◊	2 months	[22]
M	38	ND^#	25 months	Aziridinyl-benzoquinone	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34;q11) [4], 46, XY, t(15;17), t(9;22) [4], 45, X, -Y, t(15;17), t(9;22) [2]	1 month	[23]
M	26	N/A	Concurrent	Cytarabine, arabinoside, daunorubicin, dasatinib, allogeneic SCT	t(9;22)	Complete molecular remission	[24]
M	31	Hydroxy-carbamide, imatinib	4 months	ATRA, ATO, dasatinib, idarubicin, cytarabine, allogeneic SCT	ND^§‡	Complete molecular remission	[25]
M	27	Natural interferon-α	4 years	ND	51, XY, +der(1)t(1;17)(p11;q11), +7, +8, +8, t(9;22)(q34;q11), 22q-^‡	ND	[26]
M	38	Allopurinol, busulfan	25 months	ND	46, XY, t(9;22)(q34:q11) [4], 46, XY, t(15;17)(q22;q12?), t(9;22) (q34;q11) [6]	47 days	[27]
M	48	ND^#	6 years	ATRA	46, XY [6]/48, XY, +17, +der(1)t(1;?)(p13;?), t(9;22)(q34;q11) [14]^◊	>87 days	[28]

Full karyotype information not provided. ^#Publication date prior to 2001. ^†FISH studies negative for PML-RARA fusion. ^§FISH studies positive for PML-RARA fusion. ^◊FISH and RT-PCR testing not performed. ^‡RT-PCR positive for PML/RARA fusion. ND, no data provided; N/A, not applicable; ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; ATO, arsenic trioxide; SCT, stem-cell transplantation.