Ruptured Multifocal Hepatic Aneurysms in a Woman with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Successfully Treated with Transcatheter Arterial Embolization: A Case Report and Literature Review

Table 1

The demographic data of patients with SLE-related hepatic aneurysms rupture in literature review.

Patient; (reference)	Age	Gender	CAD risk	Duration since SLE diagnosed (years)	Steroid use prior to admission	Presentation	Diagnostic tools	Hepatic aneurysms; location	Hepatic rupture	Intervention	Outcome
Paronetto F et al., 1964	26	F	No	6	Yes	Abd pain and hypotension	Autopsy	NA	NA	Conservative therapy with transfusion	Death
Haslock I, 1974	32	F	No	14	Yes	Abd pain and hypotension	Laparotomy	Right lobe	Yes	Lobectomy	Death
Levitin PM et al., 1977	27	F	No	> 3	No	Abd pain	Laparotomy	NA	NA	Liver packing	Death
McCollum CN et al., 1979	33	F	HTN	12	Yes	Abd Pain and hypotension	Laparotomy	Left lobe	Yes	Left lateral lobectomy	Death
Trambert J et al., 1989	49	M	No	< 1	No	Abd pain	Abd CT and angiography	Left lobe	Yes	Embolization	Survival
Stratton R et al., 1999	24	F	No	3	Yes	Abd pain	Abd CT	Left lobe	No	Embolization, pulse therapy of steroid, and cyclophosphamide monthly	Survival
Huang JW et al., 1999	31	F	No	10	Yes	Hematemesis and tarry stool	Abd CT	Right lobe	Yes	Embolization	Death
Kong KO et al., 2002	21	M	No	2	Yes	Abd pain and cardiac arrest	Autopsy	Right lobe	Yes	Cardiopulmonary resuscitation	Death
Singh R et al., 2003	33	F	No	10	Yes	Abd pain and hypotension	Laparotomy	Right lobe	Yes	Laparotomy and cauterization of bleeding vessels	Death
Yamazaki K, 2004	34	M	No	13	Yes	Abd pain and hypotension	Abd CT	Left lobe	Yes	Embolization	Survival
Pollono EN et al., 2010	56	F	No	0.5	No	GI bleeding	Abd CT and angiography	Right lobe	No	Embolization	Survival
Liu C et al., 2011	31	M	No	7	Yes	Hemobilia	Angiography	Left lobe	Yes	Embolization and left lateral lobectomy	Survival
Reiter DA et al., 2013	41	F	No	NA	NA	Abd Pain and hypotension	Abd CT	Right lobe	Yes	Embolization	Survival
Our patient	35	F	No	11	Yes	Abd pain, hemobilia, and hypotension	Abd CT and angiography	Bilateral lobes	Yes	Embolization	Survival
Mean	33.8	4M10F	7%	7.1 yrs [1–14]	76.9%	78.6% abd pain; 14.3% hemobilia; 57.1% with hypotension; 28.6% with GI bleeding (including hemobilia)		50% right lobe; 41.6% left lobe; 8.4% bilateral lobe	83.3%	57.1% with embolization (mortality rate 12.5% within patients with embolization); 21.4% with lobectomy (mortality rate 67% within patients with lobectomy);	50% mortality

HTN, hyperlipidemia, DM, PAOD, stroke.
F: female, M: male, NA: not available, HTN: hypertension, Abd: abdominal, CT: computed tomography, and GI: gastrointestinal.