|
| Clinical features of Guillain-Barré syndrome | | Recommended diagnostic investigations |
|
| Motor dysfunctions | Symmetrical limb weakness: proximal, distal or global; typically distal to proximal and rapidly ascending | Cerebrospinal fluid examination |
| Muscle weakness (especially neck and respiratory muscles) or wasting (especially limbs) | Electrophysiological study |
| Cranial nerve palsies: III–VII, IX–XII (most typical: facial palsy) | Stool culture for C. jejuni |
| Areflexia | Serology to C. jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus, HIV, M. pneumoniae |
| Sensory dysfunctions | Pain | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| Numbness, paraesthesiae | Electrocardiogram |
| Ataxia | Blood pressure monitoring |
| Decrease or loss in proprioception, vibration, touch, and pain distally | Autonomic function tests |
| Autonomic dysfunctions | Sinus tachycardia and bradycardia | Antiganglioside antibodies |
| Other cardiac arrhythmias | Biochemical screening: urea, electrolytes, liver enzymes |
| Hypertension and postural hypotension | Full blood count |
| Wide fluctuations of pulse and blood pressure | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein |
| Hypersalivation | |
| Anhydrosis or excessive sweating | |
| Urinary sphincter disturbances | |
| Gastric dysmotility | |
| Constipation or diarrhea | |
| Abnormal vasomotor tone causing venous pooling and facial flushing | |
| Tonic pupils | |
| Others | Papilloedema | |
|
