Case Report

Pneumonia due to a Rare Pathogen: Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Subspecies denitrificans

Table 1

Previous reports of infections with Achromobacter xylosoxidans subspecies denitrificans, detailing type of infection, antimicrobial sensitivity, and duration of treatment.

Year reported Type of infectionIsolation specimenComorbid conditionsSensitivityAntibiotic of choiceTreatment duration

2011
[6]
Prosthetic
valve
endocarditis
BloodTetralogy of FallotCefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin
Piperacillin/tazobactam
Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Piperacillin/tazobactam
(not specified), then imipenem
6 weeks of piperacillin/tazobactam, then 8 weeks of imipenem

2011
[5]
MeningitisCerebrospinal fluidProstatic
adenocarcinoma
Epilepsy
Hyperlipidemia
Atrial fibrillation
Remote history of cranial trauma
Not reportedMeropenem 2 g
intravenously (IV)
15 days

2014 [9]Peritoneal dialysis
catheter
Exit
site infection
Pus collected from exit siteDiabetes mellitus, chronic kidney
disease (near end stage renal disease)
Not reportedCiprofloxacin 250 mg every twelve hours14 days

2012
[8]
Right renal abscess with
renocutaneous
fistula
Pus collected from intrarenal abscessHypertension, chronic kidney disease, benign
prostatic hyperplasia
Recurrent bilateral nephrolithiasis
Colistin, imipenem, meropenem,
piperacillin/tazobactam
Meropenem 1 g IV60 days

2013
[7]
Prosthetic valve
endocarditis
with aortic root abscess
BloodCongenital aortic stenosis, history of
aortic valve valvotomy
Not reportedMeropenem, trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole,
then levofloxacin
4 weeks

2014
[4]
PneumoniaSputumHistory of tuberculosisMeropenem, imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam,
ticarcillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, third-generation Cephalosporins
Meropenem 1 g q 8 hours2 weeks

2014
[9]
Peritoneal dialysis
Catheter related peritonitis
Effluent dialysateEnd stage renal disease on peritoneal
dialysis
Ciprofloxacin (other antibiotics not specified)Ciprofloxacin
(not specified)
Duration not specified

2017Current case Pneumonia /
Bronchiectasis
Bronchoalveolar lavageGastroesophageal reflux disease, asthmaAmikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamicin,
levofloxacin, meropenem,
piperacillin/tazobactam, tobramycin,
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Levofloxacin6 weeks