Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis: A Rare Presentation of Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Adults—Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Characteristics of reported cases of AAC due to primary EBV infection in adults.

Authors

Age, sex

Country

Sore throat

Pharyngitis

Lymph-adeno-pathy

Murphy’s sign positive

Hepato-spleno-megaly

AST (IU/l)

ALT (IU/l)

Total bilirubin

ALP (IU/l)

GGT (IU/L)

GWT

Antibiotics

Koch et al. (2007) [10]

53, F

Netherlands

—

—

—

—

—

—

339

120 µmol/L (0–17)

1081 (40–120)

—

10 mm

No

Iaria et al. (2008) [11]

18, F

Italy

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

220 (5–45)

328 (5–45)

7 mg/dL (0–1.9)

312 (38–148)

142 (7–32)

9 mm

Yes

Cholongitas et al. (2009) [12]

19, F

Greece

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

—

426 (<40)

584 (<40)

6.5 mg/dL

710 (<280)

156 (<50)

8 mm

No

Yang et al. (2010) [13]

20, F

Korea

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

171

299

0.7 mg/dL

727

202

Yes

Chalupa et al. (2009) [14]

22, F

Czech Republic

—

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

6.87 µkat/L (0–0.65)

12.79 µkat/L (0–0.8)

143 µmol/L (0–20)

2.2 µkat/L (0.5–2)

3.06 µkat/L (0–0.6)

6 mm

Yes

Hagel et al. (2009) [15]

22, F

Germany

—

—

—

Yes

Spleno-megaly

—

—

254 µmol/L

—

—

7 mm

Yes

Beltrame et al. (2012) [16]

29, F

Italy

—

Yes

Yes

Yes

—

121 (10–35)

166 (10–35)

23.2 µmol/L (1.7–17)

161 (53–151)

145 (3–45)

15 mm

Yes

Nagdev and Ward (2011) [17]

18, F

California

No

No

No

Yes

—

118

—

1.2 mg/dL

146

—

>10 mm

Yes

Dylewski (2012) [18]

22, F

Canada

—

No

No

Yes

Spleno-megaly

—

89

Normal

—

—

5 mm

Yes

Carrascosa et al. (2012) [19]

22, F

Spain

—

—

No

Yes

Yes

329

464

43 µmol/L

239

—

14 mm

No

Gagneux-Brunon et al. (2014) [20]

18, F

France

—

No

Yes

Yes

No

321

214

20 µmol/L

165

64

12 mm

Yes

Gagneux-Brunon et al. (2014) [20]

20, F

France

—

No

Yes

Yes

No

453

494

38 µmol/L

133

286

16 mm

Yes

Çelik et al. (2014) [21]

48, F

Turkey

—

—

Yes

Yes

—

221 (5–35)

165 (5–40)

14.43 mg/dL (0.1–1)

516 (90–260)

224 (7–32)

Marked; thickened

Yes

Agergaard and Larsen (2015) [22]

34, F

Denmark

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

—

61 (10–45)

42 µmol/L (5–25)

429 (35–105)

—

11.3 mm

Yes

Koufakis and Gabranis (2016) [23]

21, M

Greece

No

No

No

Yes

—

172 (<40)

232 (<40)

6.31 mg/dL (0-1)

179 (<140)

350 (<30)

4.5 mm

No

Present Case

30, F

Turkey

No

No

Yes

Yes

Spleno-megaly

233 (8–37)

220 (15–65)

15.4 mg/dL (0-1)

376 (50–136)

471 (5–55)

7.4 mm

No

ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALP: Alkaline phosphatase, GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase, GWT: gallbladder wall thickness, (): normal values only noted when described in the study, and —:missing values.