Treatment of Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Hypothyroidism in an Adult by Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis: A Case Report
Figure 2
Preoperative cervical echograms (a, b) and left cervical angiogram (c). The lumen of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in echograms is indicated by arrowheads, and the left ICA in angiogram is indicated by arrows. The left cervical common carotid artery (CCA)-ICA echogram indicated severe stenosis towards the distal end of the left ICA without wall thickening (interna-media thickness = 0.8) (b) compared with the right CCA-ICA echogram (a). The lateral view of the left cervical angiography also indicated stenosis and winding of left ICA towards the distal intracranial region (c).
