Late Response of Antiretroviral Therapy in an HIV-1-Infected Patient due to Hepatitis B and C Coinfections: The First Case Report in Nepal

Table 1

Laboratory investigation of HBV/HCV coinfection in an HIV-1-infected patient after ten months of antiretroviral therapy.

Tests	Method	Results
Rapid diagnostic tests
HIV-1/2	Immunochromatography	Positive
HBsAg	Immunochromatography	Positive
Anti-HCV Ab (IgM)	Immunochromatography	Negative
Tests	Result	Reference ranges
Biochemical parameters
Glucose R	158.27↑	70–150 mg%
ALP	85	44–147 IU/L
SGPT/ALT	36	7–57 IU/L
SGOT/AST	43↑↑	37 IU/L
HDL	33.750↓↓	>50 mg/dl
Hematological parameters
Complete blood count (CBC) is in normal limit
CD4+ count
Percentage of T lymphocytes (CD3+ and CD45+)	75	55–84%
Absolute count of T lymphocytes (CD3+)	1160	690–2540 cells/µL
Percentage of T-helper lymphocytes (CD3+ CD4+/CD45+)	15	31–60%
Absolute count of T-helper lymphocytes (CD3+ CD4+)	300↓↓	410–1590 cells/µL
Absolute count of lymphocytes (CD45+)	1551 cells/µL
Tests	Results	Cutoff index	Interpretation
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)
HBsAg	2.894	COI: 0.15, reactive: >0.15, nonreactive: <0.15	Reactive
HCV	3.067	COI: 0.165, reactive: >0.165, nonreactive: <0.165	Reactive
HIV-1/2	3.107	COI: 0.131, reactive: >0.131, nonreactive: <0.131	Reactive
Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA)
HBeAg	887	>1.0 reactive, <1.0 nonreactive, boarder line 0.9-<1.0	Reactive
HbsAg	1602	>1.0 reactive, <1.0 nonreactive, boarder line 0.9-<1.0	Reactive
Anti-HBs	3.86	<10.0 nonimmune, >10.0 immune	Nonimmune
Anti-HBe	4.92	<1.0 reactive, >1.0 nonreactive	Nonreactive
Anti-HBcIgM	0.135	<1.0 reactive, >1.0 nonreactive	Reactive
Anti-HCV	74.3	>1.0 reactive, <1.0 nonreactive, boarder line 0.9-<1.0	Reactive
HIV-COMBI PT	376.9	>1.0 reactive, <1.0 nonreactive, boarder line 0.9-<1.0	Reactive
Tests	Results	Assay range	Interpretation
Quantitative PCR
HBV DNA	20 IU/ml	10–100,000,000 IU/ml	Detected
HCV RNA	75 IU/ml	65–1,000,000 IU/ml	Detected
HIV-1 RNA	19,800 copies/ml	20–10,000,000 copies/ml	Detected