Retroperitoneal Extrarenal Angiomyolipomas: An Evidence-Based Approach to a Rare Clinical Entity

Table 2

Detailed information on all published retroperitoneal extrarenal angiomyolipomas (1982–2011).

Case	Author	Presenting symptoms	Age/sex	Size	Imaging	Location	Treatment	Followup/outcome
1	Friis and Hjortrup (1982) [1]	Pain, weight gain	22F	11 kg	IVU	PPS	RN	36 MO/asymptomatic
2	Randazzo et al. (1987) [15]	Pain, bleeding	64F	6 cm^3	IVU, CT	Right PNS	RSR	2 MO/asymptomatic
3	Ditonno et al. (1992) [16]	Pain, bleeding	37M	5 cm	IVU, CT, A	Right PNS	RN	N/A^*
4	Peh et al. (1994) [17]	Weight loss/abdominal mass	32F	3.7 kg (7980 cm^3)	US, CT	Left PNS	RN	8 MO/asymptomatic
5	Angulo et al. (1994) [18]	Abdominal pain, flank pain	53F	336 cm^3	US, CT, A	Left PNS	RN	N/A^*
6	Gupta and Guleria (2011) [19]	Abdominal pain	42M	220 cm^3	US, CT	Right AS	RSR	N/A^*
7	Liwnicz et al. (1994) [20]	Abdominal pain	39F	1.1 kg (216 cm^3)	CT	Right PNS	RN	18 MO/asymptomatic
8	Law et al. (1994) [21]	Incidental finding	59F	22.5 cm^3	CT, MRI	Left PNS	RN	N/A^*
9	Law et al. (1994) [21]	Pain	56F	11 cm	IVU, CT, US, FNA	Left PNS	RN	8 MO/asymptomatic
10	Mogi et al. (1998) [22]	Abdominal pain + fullness	41F	648 cm^3	CT, MRI	Right PNS/PHS	RSR	N/A^*
11	Murphy et al. (2000) [23]	Abdominal pain, bleeding	51F	ND	CT, A	Left PNS	AE	12 MO/asymptomatic
12	Tsutsumi et al. (2001) [2]	Fatigue, abdominal pain	60F	3.5 kg (4840 cm^3)	CT, A	Right PNS	RN	60 MO/asymptomatic
13	Tseng et al. (2004) [24]	Abdominal fullness	35F	2.8 kg (3726 cm^3)	US, CT, A	Right PNS	RSR	N/A^*
14	Obara et al. (2005) [25]	Macroscopic hematuria	31M	ND	CT, A	Right PNS	RN	N/A^*
15	Gupta et al. (2007) [26]	Abdominal pain	80F	16 cm	CT, MRI	Left PNS	RN	1 year/distal metastases
16	Our Case (2011)	Asymptomatic	39F	1.7 kg (2898 cm^3)	US, CT	Left PNS	RN	16 MO/asymptomatic

ND: not documented; A: angiography; CT: computerized tomography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; US: ultrasound; IVU: intravenous urography; FNA: fine needle aspiration; PNS: perinephric space; PHS: perihepatic space; PPS: peripancreatic space; AS: adrenal space; RN: radical nephrectomy; RSR: renal sparing resection; AE: angio embolization; MO: months; N/A^*: follow-up information not available.