Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis due to Cholestyramine: A Case Report and Literature Review

Table 1

Summary of the literature describing cholestyramine-induced hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.

Age	Sex (male (M), female (F))	Serum pH	Chloride (mmol/L)	Bicarbonate (mmol/L)	Precipitating factors	Case reference
1.5 days	M	7.15	125	9	Diarrhea	[6]
4 weeks	F	—	128	19	Diarrhea	[9]
5 weeks	M	6.83	130	5.4	Volume depletion, renal failure	[8]
13 weeks	M	7.28	145	15	Upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea	[9]
6 months	M	6.88	112	—	Upper respiratory tract infection	[2]
10.5 years	F	7.18	114	9	Renal failure	[7]
45 years	M	7.09	118	12	Bacteremia, renal failure	Case presentation
45 years	M	7.12	127	8	Renal failure	[5]
51 years	F	—	115	8	Spironolactone	[10]
57 years	M	—	122	11	Diarrhea	[10]
70 years	F	7.15	128	5	Upper respiratory tract infection, renal failure, and spironolactone	[1]
70 years	F	7.34	119	14	Spironolactone	[4]