Neurological Complications of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

Table 2

Patients with neurological complications of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

Patient	Age/sex	Presenting symptoms	Comorbidities	Diagnosis	Treatments	Outcome	Cause of death
Patient 1 [4]	74/M	Ataxia, vomiting, confusion, and fever	Diabetes, hypertension,; and dyslipidemia	Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; (ADEM)	Broad-spectrum antibiotics, oseltamivir,; bronchodilators, methylprednisolone, intravenous sedation, neuromuscular blockers, inhaled nitric oxide, vasopressors, renal replacement therapy, peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin	Death	Deep coma, poor overall condition, and worsening cardiovascular; and respiratory status
Patient 2 [4]	57/M	Flu-like illness, fever, and a gangrenous toe	Diabetes, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease	Bilateral anterior; cerebral artery stroke	Broad-spectrum antibiotics	Death	Severe shock, acute kidney injury, and multiple cardiac arrests
Patient 3 [4]	45/M	Productive cough, dyspnea, rigors, fever, and diarrhea	Diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and ischemic heart disease	Encephalitis	Broad-spectrum antibiotics, oseltamivir, renal replacement therapy, neuromuscular blockers, nitric oxide, vasopressors, peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin	Recovery	Not applicable
Patient 4	34/F	Fever, generalized bone pain, and fatigue	Diabetes mellitus	Intracerebral hemorrhage	Intravenous hydration, tazocin, azithromycin, mannitol, and dexamethasone	Death	Multiorgan failure and intracerebral hemorrhage with massive brain edema
Patient 5	28/M	Fever, generalized myalgia, dizziness, and productive cough	None	Critical illness polyneuropathy	Azithromycin, oseltamivir, antibiotics, intravenous immunoglobulins, and physiotherapy	Recovery	Not applicable