A Transforaminal Endoscopic Surgical Technique for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation in the Setting of Spina Bifida

Figure 1

Preoperative lumbar MRI. (a) Midline sagittal T2-weighted MRI demonstrates the L4-5 spondylolisthesis and the prolapsed thecal sac. (b) Left of midline sagittal T2-weighted MRI with foraminal view demonstrates the left L4-5 (arrow) foraminal compression of the exiting L4 nerve. (c) Axial T2-weighted MRI demonstrates left L4-5 far lateral disc herniation compressing the exiting L4 nerve (arrow).