Esophageal Achalasia: An Uncommon Complication during Pregnancy Treated Conservatively

Table 1

Reported cases of achalasia in pregnancy with the type of treatment and pregnancy outcome (from 1969 till 2010).

Author	Year	Number of cases	Age of pt/weeks gestation	Type of treatment	Outcome
Paulsen et al.	2010	1	34 yo/?	Balloon dilation	Uncomplicated birth
Wataganara et al.	2009	1	39 yo/33 w	Botulinum toxin	35 w C-section
Diaz Roca et al.	2009	1	36 yo/26 w	Self expanding prosthesis	Uneventful delivery
Palavinelu et al.	2008	1	24 yo/2nd trimester	Laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy	Healthy baby
Pulanic et al.	2008	1	30 yo/26 w	Pneumatic dilation	Vaginal delivery 38 w
Ohno et al.	2000	1	34 yo/27 w	Surgical myotomy postpartum	Intrauterine fetal death
Kalish et al.	1999	1	42 yo/31 w	Antifungal medication	Spontaneous vaginal delivery 38 w
Fassina et al.	1995	1	23 yo/24 w		Unexplained sudden maternal death (6-month pregnancy), megaesophagus
Fiest et al.	1993	1	24 yo/8 w	Balloon dilation	Spontaneous vaginal delivery 35 w (healthy infant)
Satin et al.	1992	1	28 yo/38 w	Pneumatic dilation	Induced vaginal delivery 38 w (healthy infant)
Mayberry and; Atkinson	1987	20	18 yo–45 yo; (mean 32 yo)/?	Comparison of reproductive histories of women with achalasia with those of a control group	No significant difference in the number of live births of patients versus controls 3 miscarriages after diagnosis
Clemendor et al.	1969	10	22 yo–37 yo; (mean 29.1 yo)/24 w–30 w	1case Pneumatic dilation (1st report); 5 cases Bougie dilation; 3 cases medical treatment; 1 case no treatment	Living offspring in only 5 cases (the rest: 2 terminations, 2 stillbirths, 1 premature delivery).