Orbital T-Cell Lymphoma with Discrete Enlargements of All Extraocular Muscles Bilaterally in Patient with Moon Face Countenance

Table 1

Characteristics of diseases causing an enlargement of the extraocular muscles.

	Lymphoma	Thyroid ophthalmopathy	IgG4-related ophthalmic myositis	Idiopathic orbital myositis	Carotid cavernous fistula	Metastatic tumor
Age	60	40–60	40–60	30–40	60–70	50–60
Male to female	1 : 1	1 : 5	1 : 1	1 : 2	1 : 3	Male ≧ Female
Incidence of enlarged EOM (%)	0.17–13	80–90	10–50	100	65	9
Bilateral involvements of enlarged EOM (%)	≦10	70	70–90	40–50	Few	10–20
Number of affected EOM	One (82–100%)	Multiple	Multiple	One (66%)	Multiple	One (91%)
Common involved EOM	SRM > IRM	IRM > MRM > SRM	LRM > IRM	Almost equal numbers in 4 RMs	MRM = LRM > SRM	MRM > LRM
Shape of EOM involved	Spindle-like enlargement	Spindle-like enlargement	Spindle-like enlargement	Tendon involvement (stick-like enlargement)	Spindle-like enlargement	NA
Onset form	Chronic	Chronic	Chronic	Acute	Acute	Chronic
Clinical findings	Proptosis, diplopia, blepharoptosis	Proptosis, diplopia, Graefe’s sign, Dalrymple’s sign, and Stellwag’s sign	Proptosis, diplopia, and enlargement of lacrimal gland and trigeminal nerve	Proptosis, diplopia, eye pain, chemosis, hyperemia, lid swelling, and blepharoptosis	Conjunctival cork screw vessels, proptosis, double vision, bruit, pulsating exophthalmos, dilatation and tortuosity of superior ophthalmic vein and retinal central vein, and elevated IOP	Proptosis, diplopia, blepharoptosis, and eye pain

EOM: extraocular muscle, SRM: superior rectus muscle, IRM: inferior rectus muscle, MRM: medial rectus muscle, LRM: lateral rectus muscle, IOP: intraocular pressure, and NA: not available data.