Case Report

Fungal Malignant Otitis Externa with Facial Nerve Palsy: Tissue Biopsy Aids Diagnosis

Table 1

Summary of published cases of FMOE. M: male, F: female, DM: diabetes mellitus, N: no, Y: yes, NIDDM: noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, AML: acute myeloid leukaemia, tx: transplant, CRF: chronic renal failure, HTN: hypertension, AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and ALL: acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Numbers in round brackets represent separate patients reported in the same paper.

Main authorYear of paperAge (years)M/FRelevant comorbiditiesPathogenNerve palsyTreatmentSurgical debridementSymptom resolution

Tarazi et al. (1) [3]201277MType 2 DM (poorly controlled)Aspergillus NoAmphotericin then voriconazoleNY
Tarazi et al. (2) [3]201285FType 2 DM (poorly controlled)Aspergillus VIIAmphotericin then voriconazoleNY
Tarazi et al. (3) [3]201270FType 2 DM (poorly controlled)Aspergillus NoVoriconazoleNY
Halsey et al. [4] 201162MAMLAspergillus wentii VIIAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYNo—CN palsies persisted
Parize et al. (1) [5]200948MPolychondritisAspergillus niger NoVoriconazoleNYes
Parize et al. (2) [5]200940FIDDM, renal tx, CRFAspergillus niger NoVoriconazoleYN—hearing loss
Ling and Sader [6]200877MNIDDM, HTN, goutCandida, Aspergillus flavus VII Voriconazole, caspofunginYYes
Narozny et al. [7]200665MNIDDMAspergillus VII, IX, X, XIIAmphotericin B, itraconazoleYN—died
Tzuku et al. [8]200617FIDDMScedosporium apiospermum NoAmphotericin BYNo—died on day 7
Bellini et al. [9]200373MNIDDMAspergillus niger UnspecifiedAmphotericin B then itraconazoleNYes
Shelton et al. [10]200258MNilAspergillus niger UnspecifiedItraconazoleNYes
Finer et al. [11]20027MNeuroblastomaAspergillus flavus UnspecifiedAmphotericin B then itraconazoleNYes
Chai et al. [12]200053MNIDDMMalassezia sympodialis VII, IX, X, XIIAmphotericin B then fluconazoleNNo—CN palsies persisted
Chen et al. (1) [13]199941MAIDSAspergillus fumigatus VIIAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYYes
Chen et al. (2) [13]199936MAIDSUnknownVIIAmphotericin BYNo—CN palsies persisted
Slack et al. [14]199914FALLA. flavus, niger, fumigatus UnspecifiedAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYYes
Muñoz and Martínez-Chamorro [15]199827FAIDSAspergillus fumigatus UnspecifiedItraconazole then amphotericin BNN—died
Ress et al. [16]199741MAIDSAspergillus fumigatus UnspecifiedTimentin-gentamicin N N—died
Kountakis et al. [17] 199765MNIDDMAspergillus flavus VIIAmphotericin BYNo—CN palsies persisted
Yates [18]199718MAIDSAspergillus fumigatus UnspecifiedItraconazoleYYes
Harley et al. [19]199520MALLAspergillus flavus VIIAmphotericin BYN—died
Gordon and Giddings (1) [20]199467FNIDDM, HTNAspergillus flavus NoAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYNo
Gordon and Giddings (2) [20]199482MNilAspergillus flavus No Ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, itraconazoleYNo
Hanna et al. [21]199361MNIDDMAspergillus flavus, Candida VIIAmphotericin BYYes
Reiss et al. (1) [22]199142MAIDSAspergillus fumigatus UnspecifiedAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYYes
Reiss et al. (2) [22]199130MAIDSAspergillus fumigatus UnspecifiedAmphotericin B then itraconazoleYYes
Phillips et al. [23]199064FNIDDM, AMLAspergillus VIIAmphotericin B then itraconazoleNYes
Menachof and Jackler [24]199046FAMLAspergillus flavus VIIAmphotericin BYY
Denning et al. [25]198938MNilAspergillus fumigatus NoItraconazoleYYes
Cunningham et al. [26]198885MNilAspergillus fumigatus VIIAmphotericin B, rifampicinYYes
Bickley et al. [27]198880MMyelodysplasiaAspergillus NoAmphotericin BYYes
Petrak et al. [28]198568MAMLAspergillus fumigatus VIIAmphotericin BYNo—CN palsies persisted