Follicular Bronchiolitis in a Nigerian Female Child: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Clinical, radiological, and pathological findings in the common small airways diseases [1, 3, 4, 6, 11, 15].

Histologic classification [6]	Clinical features	High resolution CT scan findings	Common causes
Cellular bronchiolitis	Mild dyspnea ± cough in adults; acute onset in infants; obstructive and/or restrictive pattern; good prognosis	Linear opacities or small centrilobular nodules	Infection, collagen vascular diseases, immune disorders
Nonspecific chronic bronchiolitis	Obstructive and/or restrictive pattern; variable prognosis	Linear opacities or centrilobular nodules	Infection, collage vascular diseases, posttransplantation graft versus host disease, IBD
Follicular bronchiolitis	Progressive dyspnea, chronic cough, recurrent URTI; obstructive and/or restrictive; generally good prognosis	Peribronchial nodules ± ground-glass opacities	RA, Sjogren syndrome, CVID, AIDS, hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Diffuse panbronchiolitis	Chronic productive cough, dyspnea, sinusitis; progressive airflow obstruction	Tree-in-bud appearance and centrilobular nodules	Idiopathic
Constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans	Chronic cough, dyspnea, wheeze; irreversible airflow obstruction on pulmonary function tests	Tree-in-bud pattern; low attenuation/mosaic perfusion	Lung transplant rejection, mineral dust disease, toxin/fume exposure, IBD, collagen vascular diseases
Respiratory (smoker’s) bronchiolitis	Usually asymptomatic/incidental; excellent prognosis	Normal, ground-glass opacities and micronodules	Heavy smoking

IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; CVID, common variable immunodeficiency syndrome; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.