|
| Author and year of publication | Diagnosis | Organ involvement | ANCA | Clinical course |
|
Kihiczak et al. [13]
1994 | Protracted superficial GPA | Skin, nasal mucosa | N/A | Protracted course characterized by granulomatous skin and nasal ulcers |
|
Figarella et al. [14]
2000 | Protracted superficial GPA | Upper respiratory tract, skin, and lung | N/A | Skin nodules on leg present for 10 years, before the diagnosis was established based on cutaneous histopathology |
|
Brazzelli et al. [32]
1999 | Cutaneous GPA | Acneiform nodular and popular eruption on forehead, dense pulmonary infiltrates | Positive | Necrotic ulcers on forearms, arms, and buttocks, small vessel vasculitis of deep dermis |
|
Kuchel and Lee [21]
2003 | Cutaneous GPA | Skin involving ear lobe, ankles, and feet | Negative | Responded to prednisone and CYC, granulomatous inflammation on biopsy |
|
Sinovich and Snow [33]
2003 | Protracted superficial GPA | Infra-auricular skin and nasal mucosa | Positive | Pyoderma gangrenosum like lesions with suppurative granulomatous inflammation. Responded to prednisone and azathioprine |
|
Kawakami et al. [34]
2005 | GPA with cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis | Skin, lung, and kidney | Positive | Various cutaneous manifestations. Palisading neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis on histopathology |
|
Ben Ghorbel et al. [35]
2007 | Cutaneous and mucosal GPA as initial presentation in an adult | Tongue and labial ulcers, digital necrosis, splinter hemorrhages of fingernails, and purpura | Positive | Diagnosis confirmed on cutaneous and renal biopsies. Resolution of cutaneous disease after 6 weeks of treatment with prednisone and CYC |
|
Ben Ghorbel et al. [15]
2007 | Recurrent digital necrotic ulcers on fingers, toes, and scapula as cutaneous GPA in a child | Nasal mucosa, eyes (keratitis), and skin | Positive | Superficial ulcerations with granulomatous vasculitis |
|
Thaiwat and Aunhachoke [22]
2010 | Superficial GPA with chronic scalp ulcer | Skin | Negative | Solitary nodule on scalp with alopecia; nodules on left arm and shin; purpura |
|
