Granulomatous Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia Associated with Immune Reconstituted HIV

Abstract

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia uncommonly presents with pulmonary nodules and granulomatous inflammation. An unusual case of granulomatous P jiroveci pneumonia in an HIV patient with a CD4⁺ lymphocyte count of greater than 200 cells/mm³, occurring in the context of immune reconstitution with highly active antiretroviral therapy, is described. The case highlights the importance of establishing this diagnosis to institute appropriate therapy.