Research Article
Tobacco Use and Its Health Effects among Professional Athletes in Qatar
Table 3
Association between tobacco use and health indicators.
| | Variable | Cigarette smokers | p value | Shisha smokers | p value | | Yes | No | Yes | No | | | | |
| | SBP (mmHg) | 138.0 (7.2) | 134.7 (9.0) | 0.227 | 135.8 (7.6) | 134.9 (9.2) | 0.636 | | DBP (mmHg) | 74.8 (12.5) | 76.2 (9.0) | 0.624 | 76.5 (9.0) | 75.9 (9.5) | 0.791 | | HR (bpm) | 68.6 (11.6) | 67.1 (10.7) | 0.657 | 67.0 (12.5) | 67.3 (10.3) | 0.907 | | FVC (L) | 3.82 (0.72) | 4.55 (0.78) | | 4.37 (0.78) | 4.50 (0.82) | 0.492 | | FVC% | 69.0 (14.8) | 79.2 (12.8) | | 75.6 (12.9) | 78.8 (13.5) | 0.304 | | (L) | 3.50 (0.84) | 3.92 (0.80) | 0.088 | 3.68 (0.97) | 3.93 (0.75) | 0.172 | | % | 69.0 (16.2) | 82.6 (14.0) | | 72.6 (16.8) | 83.5 (13.3) | | | /FVC | 0.93 (0.18) | 0.87 (0.13) | 0.156 | 0.85 (0.19) | 0.88 (0.12) | 0.420 | | PEF (L) | 7.32 (3.38) | 7.45 (2.59) | 0.873 | 6.81 (3.04) | 7.61 (2.54) | 0.194 | | PEF% | 69.3 (30.9) | 70.8 (26.2) | 0.848 | 64.1 (28.4) | 72.5 (26.0) | 0.172 |
|
|
Significant difference at 5% level
SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, HR: heart rate, FVC: forced vital capacity, : forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, PEF: peak expiratory flow, FVC%: % of predicted forced vital capacity, %: % of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, and PEF%: % of predicted peak expiratory flow.
|
