Estimates of Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension according to Different International Definitions

Table 7

Association of pulmonary hypertension (mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg) and transthoracic echocardiography, ECG, and chest radiograph findings.

Variable	No pulmonary hypertension (n = 170)		Mild pulmonary hypertension (n = 39)		Moderate + severe pulmonary hypertension (n = 30)		ANOVA
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	F	P
TR velocity (m/s)	1.23	0.38	1.83	0.80	2.53	1.06	63.642	<0.001
RSVP (mmHg)	26.66	5.50	42.90	5.76	54.70	13.55	249.880	<0.001
Pulmonary AT (ms)	67.68	12.41	49.24	3.35	35.85	7.42	134.256	<0.001
IVC diameter (mm)	14.09	1.18	17.90	2.14	21.57	1.98	375.356	<0.001
RA area (cm^2)	9.52	2.10	14.86	3.79	17.40	3.63	151.420	<0.001
TAPSE (cm)	2.14	0.15	1.88	0.24	1.89	0.39	37.242	<0.001
FAC (%)	38.71	5.15	41.59	7.13	39.10	6.71	4.024	0.019
LVEF (%)	61.26	2.86	60.92	3.65	59.43	4.84	3.932	0.021
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	χ^2	P
Right atrial enlargement	0	0.0	11	28.2	20	66.7	109.981	<0.001
Right ventricular enlargement	0	0.0	7	17.9	19	63.3	107.902	<0.001
Small left chamber	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	—	—
IV septum flattening	1	0.6	1	2.6	2	6.7	5.950	0.051
Pericardial effusion	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	3.3	6.996	0.030
Chest X-ray
Reticulations	24	14.1	3	7.7	7	23.3	3.405	0.182
Cardiomegaly	0	0.0	0	0.0	9	30.0	65.153	<0.001
Enlarged PA	0	0.0	1	2.6	5	16.7	28.942	<0.001
Pruning	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	3.3	6.996	0.030
RVH	0	0.0	1	2.6	17	56.7	119.229	<0.001
RAD	0	0.0	1	2.6	21	70.0	151.962	<0.001
P-pulmonale	0	0.0	1	2.6	13	43.3	87.747	<0.001

TR, tricuspid regurgitation; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; AT, acceleration time; IVC, inferior vena cava; RA, right atrium; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; FAC, fractional area change; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RV, right ventricle; IVS, interventricle septum; PA, pulmonary artery; ECG, electrocardiogram; RVH, right ventricular hypertrophy; RAD, right axis deviation.