Research Article

Relationship between Poorly Controlled Asthma and Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children with Asthma: A Two-Center Study

Table 2

Characteristics, comorbidities, and medications of enrolled children according to SRBD.

CharacteristicsSRBD (n = 44)Non-SRBD (n = 165)Group differences values

Age, median (min-max)6.90 (5.11–9.27)7.15 (5.37–9.59)Z = -0.2550.798

Male, n (%)27 (61.36)94 (56.97)χ2 = 0.2750.600

BMI, median (min-max)16.68 (15.15–21.77)16.26 (14.71–18.23)Z = -1.3160.188

Obesity (n=19), n (%)8 (42.11)11 (20.00)χ2=5.5730.018

Asthma, n (%)
Well-controlled19 (13.97)117 (86.03)
Partly or uncontrolled25 (34.25)48 (65.75)χ2=11.7500.001

History of AR, n (%)35 (23.49)114 (76.51)χ2 = 1.8550.173
Well-controlled11 (13.92)68 (86.08)
Partly or uncontrolled24 (34.29)46 (65.71)χ2=8.5620.003

Allergy, n (%)42 (22.11)148 (77.89)χ2 = 1.3930.238

Therapy
 ICS, n (%)39 (88.64)143 (86.67)χ2 = 0.1200.729
 Nasal steroids, n (%)2 (4.55)4 (2.42)χ2 = 0.1540.695
Montelukast, n (%)37 (84.09)129 (78.18)χ2 = 0.7420.389
 Antihistamines, n (%)29 (65.91)105 (63.64)χ2 = 0.0780.860
 AIT n (%), (n = 223)6 (13.64)13 (7.88)χ2 = 1.4030.236

Lung function
 FVC (% pred) median (min-max)85.35 (76.20–98.80)85.10 (78.90–93.75)Z = −0.1630.871
 FEV1 (% pred) median (min-max)92.85 (86.70–111.40)96.70 (88.65–107.05)Z = −0.8770.381
 FEV1/FVC median (min-max)112.05 (106.40–115.20)113.90 (110.70–116.20)Z = −1.1760.239
 PEF (% pred) median (min-max)88.40 (77.30–100.00)93.90 (82.50–104.35)Z = −0.8580.391

FeNO median (min-max)13.00 (9.00–18.00)14.00 (10.00–22.00)Z = −0.7160.474

Data were presented as mean ± SD, median, min-max, or n (%) unless otherwise stated. P < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. SRDB, sleep-related breathing disorders; BMI, body mass index; AR, allergic rhinitis; FeNO, exhaled nitric oxide; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; AIT, allergen immunotherapy; SD, standard deviation; FEV, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PEF, peak expiratory flow; min-max, minimum and maximum interquartile range. The variables with statistical differences are indicated in bold.