The Results of a New Distal Protection Method in Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion of the Superficial Femoral Artery

Table 1

Criteria for distal protection methods. IVUS: intravascular ultrasound.

---

(i) Worsening symptoms and signs

 (1) Newly onset (<6 months) of claudication

 (2) Shortend walking distance

 (3) Pain at rest

 (4) Ulceration or gangrene of extremities

---

(ii) Angiographic features

 (1) Contrast stain at the occlusion site

 (2) Contrast defect due to thrombus

---

(iii) Mild resistance on the wire manipulation

   Easy pass through the CTO lesion by a guidewire

---

(iv) IVUS findings

 (1) Poorly echogenic plaque

 (2) Mobile plaque

 (3) Homogeneous plaque of mildly raised echogenicity

 (4) Plaque with small blood flow channels

---