Clinical Study

Renal Function but Not Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Is Independently Associated with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis including diabetic retinopathy as dependent variable and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and possible confounders as independent variables.

Odds ratio (95% CI) 𝑃 value

Univariate modelADMA (per 1 SD log increase)1.50 (1.03–2.17).034

Multivariate model 1ADMA (per 1 SD log increase)1.48 (1.02–2.15).039
MVD versus no MVD1.22 (0.60–2.50).581

Multivariate model 2ADMA (per 1 SD log increase)1.36 (0.93–2.00).113
Age1.04 (1.00–1.07).078
Sex (male versus female)0.70 (0.33–1.52).370
MVD versus no MVD1.27 (0.61–2.64).522

Multivariate model 3ADMA (per 1 SD log increase)1.17 (0.73–1.90).518
DM2 duration (per 1 SD log increase)1.27 (0.80–2.01).306
GFR (per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease)1.30 (1.08–1.56).006
MVD versus no MVD0.88 (0.37–2.10).774

GFR: glomerular filtration rate calculated with the MDRD formula; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; DM2: diabetes mellitus type 2; MVD: macrovascular disease.