Metabolic Syndrome and Renal Injury

Table 2

Definitions of metabolic syndrome and adjusted ORs of associated microalbuminuria.

	WHO 1998 [38]		EGIR 1999 [49]		NCEP ATP III 2001 [39]		IDF 2005 [40]		AHA 2005 [2]
Essential criteria; Definition of MetS	IFG, IGT, or IR; plus 2 of other 5 criteria		Insulin in top 25%; plus 2 of other 4 criteria		Any 3 of 5 criteria; listed below		Increased waist; plus any of 2 of other 4 criteria		Any 3 of 5 criteria; listed below
Abdominal obesity; (men/women)	Waist-to-hip ratio; >0.9/0.85; BMI > 30 (kg/m^2)		Waist ≧ 94/80		Waist > 90/80		Men ≥94 cm; (European) ≥90 cm; (Chinese); ≥90 cm; (South Asian); ≥85 cm (Japanese)	Women; ≥80 cm; (European) ≥80 cm; (Chinese) ≥80 cm; (South Asian); ≥90 cm (Japanese)	Waist ≧ 90/80
Triglycerides; (nmol/L)	≧1.7 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		>2.0 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		≧1.7 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		≧1.7 or drug treatment; for this lipid abnormality		≧1.7 or drug; treatment for; this lipid; abnormality
HDL cholesterol (nmol/L) (men/women)	<0.9/1.0 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		<1.0 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		<1.0/1.3 or drug; treatment for this; lipid abnormality		<1.0/1.3 or drug treatment for this lipid abnormality		<1.0/1.3 or; drug treatment for; this lipid abnormality
Blood pressure (mmHg)	More than 140/90; or drug treatment; for hypertension		More than 140/90; or drug treatment; for hypertension		More than 130/85; or drug treatment; for hypertension		More than 130/85 or drug treatment for hypertension		More than 130/85 or drug; treatment for; hypertension
Fasting glucose (nmol/L)	More than 6.1; HOMA-IR >2.53		More than 6.1		More than 6.1		More than 5.6		More than 5.6
Urinary albumin excretion	More than 30 mg/g; creatinine		—		—		—		—
Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of microalbuminuria; [41]	Men; 4.44∗∗∗; (2.85–6.91)	Women; 4.16∗∗∗; (2.57–6.73)	Men; 2.62∗∗∗; (1.49–4.60)	Women; 1.80; (0.99–3.29)	Men; 1.99; (1.31–3.03)	Women; 2.21∗∗∗; (1.47–3.32)	Men; 1.51; (0.97–2.35)	Women; 2.29∗∗∗; (1.51–3.48)	Men; 1.64∗; (1.08–2.50)	Women; 2.26∗∗∗; (1.52–3.38)

World Health Organization (WHO), European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR), National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), American Heart Association and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI), Metabolic Syndrome (MetS); Body mass index (BMI); high-density lipoprotein (HDL); homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); insulin resistance (IR). Adjusted OR (95% CI) of microalbuminuria: a cross-sectional epidemiological study based on data from the Taichung Community Health Study [41]. ^∗𝑃<.05; ^∗∗𝑃<.01; ^∗∗∗𝑃<.001.