Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin D in Cardiology

Table 2

Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency
Elderly
Darkly pigmented skin
Institutionalized of homebound
Increased distance from equator
Winter season
Cover-up clothing and/or sunscreen
Air pollution
Smoking
Obesity
Malabsorption
Renal disease
Liver disease
Medications: anticonvulsants, glucocorticoids, antirejection, and immunodeficiency virus medications