Factors Affecting Health Related Quality of Life in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure

Table 7

Assessment of the effect of the factors on quality of life (subscales).

	Physical State; coef. (95% CI)	value	Mental state; coef. (95% CI)	value
Age
<60	—		Ref. Cat
60–69	—		−1.91 (−3.57–−0.26)	0.024
>69	—		0.26 (−1.54–2.07)	0.776
Education
Primary	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
Secondary	1.86 (−0.54–4.26)	0.129	1.22 (0.04–2.4)	0.042
University, M.S., Ph.D.	0.01 (−2.37–2.4)	0.990	0.14 (−0.97–1.24)	0.810
Job
Civil/private employee	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
Householder	−6.43 (−9.49–−3.37)	<0.001	−6.06 (−7.71–−4.41)	<0.001
Pensioner	−4.74 (−7.63–−1.84)	0.001	−3.06 (−4.94–−1.18)	0.002
Other	−9.27 (−13.41–−5.12)	<0.001	−4.73 (−6.83–−2.63)	<0.001
Residency
Attica	—		Ref. Cat
County capital	—		2.15 (0.57–3.74)	0.008
Small town/rural	—		0.25 (−0.73–1.24)	0.615
Medication with anxiolytics
Yes	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
No	−2.86 (−4.84–−0.89)	0.005	−1.44 (−2.45–−0.44)	0.005
Medication with antidepressants
Yes	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
No	−2.8 (−6.58–0.98)	0.146	−5.28 (−7.13–−3.43)	<0.001
Other diseases
Yes	Ref. Cat		—
No	−3.61 (−5.51–−1.71)	<0.001	—
Informed about the state of health
Very	Ref. Cat		—
Enough	2.38 (0.55–4.22)	0.011	—
A little/not at all	8.72 (5.37–12.06)	<0.001	—
Years of having the problem
<1	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
2–5	0.06 (−3.45–3.57)	0.972	2.34 (0.61–4.07)	0.008
6–10	4.43 (1.05–7.8)	0.010	2.69 (1.03–4.35)	0.002
11–15	5.06 (1.53–8.59)	0.005	0.97 (−0.76–2.7)	0.270
>15	−0.25 (−3.69–3.19)	0.888	1.15 (−0.54–2.84)	0.180
Have you ever been hospitalized for the same reason?
Yes	Ref. Cat		—
No	−4.9 (−7.81–−1.98)	0.001	—
Frequency of hospitalization
1 per year	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
2 per year	1.85 (−0.67–4.37)	0.149	0.49 (−0.77–1.74)	0.446
3 per year	3.16 (−0.09–6.4)	0.056	0.18 (−1.42–1.77)	0.828
>3 per year	6.16 (3.59–8.72)	<0.001	1.72 (0.52–2.93)	0.005
Consider yourself anxious?
Yes	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
No	0.63 (−1.21–2.47)	0.501	−1.15 (−2.15–−0.16)	0.023
Did you retire because of your cardiac problem?
Yes	Ref. Cat		Ref. Cat
No	3.8 (0.51–7.1)	0.024	−0.61 (−2.3–1.08)	0.479
Relations with medical staff
Very good	—		Ref. Cat
Good	—		1.79 (0.38–3.2)	0.013
Below moderate	—		5.01 (2.46–7.55)	<0.001