Association between Comorbidities and Progression of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients in Patients with Moderate and Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis
Table 3
Clinical and laboratory characteristics.
Total cohort
Slow progression (Pmean < 5 mmHg/year)
Fast Progression (Pmean ≥ 5 mmHg/year)
value
Age at follow-up (years)
77.7 ± 9.4
77.5 ± 9.8
78 ± 8.6
0.65
Number of comorbidities
3.1 ± 1.6
3.3 ± 1.5
2.9 ± 1.7
0.036
Annual progression in AV Pmean (mmHg/year)
4.5 ± 4.6
1.8 ± 1.6
9.5 ± 4.2
<0.001
Annual progression in AV Vmax (m/s/year)
0.08 ± 0.18
0.01 ± 0.12
0.22 ± 0.18
<0.001
Annual progression in AVA VTI (cm2/year)
−0.14 ± 0.14
−0.12 ± 0.13
−0.18 ± 0.16
<0.001
Baseline LVEF <50% (n (%))
69 (17.2%)
49 (18.7%)
20 (14.3%)
0.26
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)
103.8 ± 34.4
100 ± 32.6
110.8 ± 36.6
0.005
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)
52.0 ± 16.7
50.6 ± 16.3
54.7 ± 17.1
0.025
HbA1c (%)
6.3 ± 1
6.34 ± 1
6.28 ± 1
0.65
Hemoglobin (g/dl)
12.9 ± 3.8
12.7 ± 2.9
13.1 ± 5.1
0.32
C-reactive protein (mg/dl)
1.7 ± 2.4
1.9 ± 2.7
1.4 ± 1.9
0.025
Creatinine (mg/dl)
1.5 ± 1.2
1.5 ± 1.1
1.4 ± 1.3
0.72
AV, aortic valve; Pmean, mean transaortic pressure gradient; Vmax, maximum velocity by continuous-wave Doppler; AVA VTI, aortic valve area calculated by the velocity time integral; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.
