Association between Comorbidities and Progression of Transvalvular Pressure Gradients in Patients with Moderate and Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis

Table 5

Odds ratio of cardiac comorbidities and risk factors and laboratory parameters at baseline associated with fast P_mean progression.

	Crude OR (95% CI)	value	Age and sex adjusted OR (95% CI)	value	Age, sex, and LVEF adjusted OR (95% CI)	value
Age	1.005 (0.983–1.028)	0.644	—	—	—	—
Male gender	0.994 (0.656–1.505)	0.976	—	—	—	—
LVEF	1.022 (1.003–1.042)	0.023	1.023 (1.003–1.043)	0.023	—	—
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2	1.194 (0.715–1.993)	0.498	—	—	—	—
History of smoking	0.961 (0.627–1.473)	0.854	—	—	—	—
Diabetes	0.707 (0.457–1.094)	0.119	—	—	—	—
Coronary heart disease	0.521 (0.340–0.798)	0.003	0.487 (0.312–0.760)	0.002	0.496 (0.317–0.777)	0.002
Myocardial infarction	0.514 (0.299–0.882)	0.016	0.494 (0.285–0.856)	0.012	0.532 (0.304–0.931)	0.027
Hypertension	0.835 (0.458–1.522)	0.556	—	—	—	—
Renal dysfunction	0.682 (0.449–1.035)	0.072	0.655 (0.428–1.002)	0.051	0.692 (0.450–1.064)	0.093
Peripheral artery occlusive disease	0.620 (0.371–1.036)	0.068	0.609 (0.363–1.022)	0.061	0.610 (0.362–1.027)	0.063
Cerebrovascular disease	1.458 (0.830–2.560)	0.189	—	—	—	—
Number of comorbidities	0.869 (0.761–0.991)	0.037	0.852 (0.741–0.980)	0.025	0.863 (0.750–0.994)	0.041
LDL-cholesterol	1.009 (1.002–1.016)	0.009	1.010 (1.003–1.017)	0.005	1.010 (1.003–1.017)	0.006
HDL-cholesterol	1.015 (1.001–1.029)	0.034	1.015 (1.001–1.029)	0.042	1.014 (1.000–1.028)	0.051
HbA1c	0.969 (0.764–1.229)	0.793	—	—	—	—
Hemoglobin	1.016 (0.985–1.047)	0.326	—	—	—	—
C-reactive protein	0.952 (0.874–1.036)	0.254	—	—	—	—
Creatinine	1.001 (0.799–1.253)	0.996	—	—	—	—

P_mean, mean transaortic pressure gradient; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.