The Effect of Ivabradine on the Human Atrial Myocardial Contractility in an In Vitro Study

Figure 3

Measured contraction parameters and the averages with the standard errors of the mean. (a) Force of contraction. (b) Passive tension force. (c) Duration of contraction. (d) Time to peak. (e) Time of relaxation.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)