Trends in Stroke Prevention between 2014 and 2018 in Hospitalized Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study group.
Variable
All n = 4027
OAC n = 3680
APT n = 124
None n = 223
Female, n (%)
1714 (42.6)
1572 (42.7)
45 (36.3)
97 (43.5)
Age, mean (SD), years
71.7 (11.4)
71.8 (12)
71.4 (13.4)
70.2 (15.5)
Clinical characteristics, n (%)
Heart failure
2520 (62.6)
2276 (61.8)
85 (68.5)
159 (71.3)
Hypertension
3117 (77.4)
2891 (78.6)
79 (63.7)
147 (65.9)
Vascular disease
1482 (36.8)
1331 (36.2)
79 (63.7)
72 (32.3)
Diabetes mellitus
1148 (28.5)
1063 (28.9)
30 (24.2)
55 (24.7)
Previous thromboembolic event
514 (12.8)
480 (13.0)
14 (11.3)
20 (9)
AF type, n (%)
Paroxysmal
1788 (44.4)
1566 (42.6)
99 (79.8)
123 (55.2)
Persistent
761 (18.9)
737 (20.0)
5 (4.1)
19 (8.5)
Permanent
1478 (36.7)
1377 (37.4)
20 (16.1)
81 (36.3)
Nonpermanent
2549 (63.3)
2303 (62.6)
104 (83.9)
142 (63.7)
Thromboembolic risk
CHA2DS2-VASc mean (SD)
3.9 (1.8)
3.9 (1.8)
4.0 (1.8)
3.7 (2.0)
CHA2DS2-VASc = 0, n (%)
99 (2.5)
74 (2.0)
4 (3.2)
21 (9.4)
CHA2DS2-VASc = 1, n (%)
298 (7.4)
271 (7.4)
7 (5.6)
20 (9.0)
CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2, n (%)
3630 (90.1)
3335 (90.6)
113 (91.2)
182 (81.6)
Bleeding risk
HAS-BLED, mean (SD)
2.0 (1.0)
2.0 (0.9)
2.0 (1.1)
2.0 (1.1)
HAS-BLED ≥ 3, n (%)
1179 (29.3)
1064 (28.9)
36 (29)
79 (35.4)
Laboratory tests
HGB, g/dl
n = 3957
n = 3615
n = 124
n = 218
Mean (SD)
13.3 (1.8)
13.4 (1.7)
12.8 (2.3)
12.8 (2.5)
PLT, 103/ul
n = 3930
n = 3594
n = 121
n = 215
Mean (SD)
212.0 (75)
210.6 (72.8)
235.1 (88.2)
223.2 (95.7)
Creatinine, mg/dl
n = 4008
n = 3668
n = 123
n = 217
Mean (SD)
1.3 (0.5)
1.3 (0.4)
1.2 (0.4)
1.4 (0.8)
eGFR, 60 ml/min/1.73 m2
n = 4008
n = 3679
n = 123
n = 217
Mean (SD)
54.9 (16.5)
54.8 (16.3)
57.9 (16.4)
53.6 (20)
eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, n (%)
2558 (63.8)
2355 (64.0)
71 (57.7)
68 (31.3)
Echocardiography
LA, mm
n = 2944
n = 2667
n = 106
n = 171
Mean (SD)
46.9 (7.8)
47.1 (7.7)
43.8 (7.3)
44.7 (8.9)
LVDD, mm
n = 2960
n = 2680
n = 107
n = 173
Mean (SD)
52.9 (8.8)
53.1 (8.7)
51.8 (9.1)
50.7 (9.8)
LVEF, (%)
n = 2985
n = 2704
n = 108
n = 173
Mean (SD)
48.3 (16.7)
48.2 (17.1)
47.3 (11.6)
49.7 (14.3)
Data are presented as number (percentage) or mean (standard deviation) (SD) or median (interquartile range) (IQR). AF: atrial fibrillation; APT: antiplatelet drug/drugs; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LA: left atrium; LVDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; and OAC: oral anticoagulant.
