Research Article
Solving a Closed-Loop Location-Inventory-Routing Problem with Mixed Quality Defects Returns in E-Commerce by Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Table 3
Results with different β (cost: million CNY; iterations: times).
| β | Cost | Iterations | Mean | Std. dev. | C.V. | Mean | Std. dev. | C.V. |
| 3 | ACO | 31.91 | 0.91 | 0.0286 | 192.78 | 42.08 | 0.2183 | HACO | 33.06 | 1.19 | 0.0359 | 148.8 | 54.84 | 0.3686 | 4 | ACO | 32.19 | 0.8 | 0.0249 | 170.2 | 41.89 | 0.2461 | HACO | 33.05 | 1.14 | 0.0344 | 126 | 42.17 | 0.3347 | 5 | ACO | 32.22 | 0.74 | 0.0229 | 157.19 | 40.58 | 0.2581 | HACO | 32.96 | 0.96 | 0.0292 | 119.26 | 17.47 | 0.1465 | 6 | ACO | 32.1 | 0.77 | 0.0241 | 159.38 | 31.99 | 0.2007 | HACO | 33.12 | 1.19 | 0.0358 | 119.86 | 22.4 | 0.1869 | 7 | ACO | 32.42 | 0.84 | 0.0258 | 154.69 | 23.92 | 0.1546 | HACO | 33.25 | 1.07 | 0.0322 | 111.68 | 8.62 | 0.0772 |
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