VIKOR Method for Evaluating the Management Quality of Teacher Education with Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Information

Zhiqi, Li

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1326202

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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Abstract Introduction Conclusions Data Availability Conflicts of Interest Acknowledgments References Copyright Related Articles

Research Article | Open Access

Volume 2021 | Article ID 1326202 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1326202

VIKOR Method for Evaluating the Management Quality of Teacher Education with Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Information

Li Zhiqi¹

Academic Editor: Zeshui Xu

Received26 Aug 2021

Revised11 Oct 2021

Accepted01 Dec 2021

Published15 Dec 2021

Abstract

In the era of enhancing the quality of education, teacher quality, as the core factor affecting the quality of education, has received unprecedented attention in the field of education. The monitoring on teacher quality is the basis of fully understanding and effectively improving the quality of teachers in compulsory education within the county. Comprehensive and systematic study on teacher quality control in compulsory education within the county is the key to improve the teacher quality of it as well as improve and complement research in related fields. And in stark contrast to the importance of the problem, there is no in-depth and systematic result on the monitoring on teacher quality within the county which becomes a matter of concern in current research in the field of education issues. And the management quality evaluation of teacher education is frequently viewed as the multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) issue. An extended VIKOR model is established to provide a new approach to solve the management quality evaluation of teacher education. The VIKOR method with probabilistic hesitant fuzzy information is applied to rank the optional solutions. Lastly, a numerical example about management quality evaluation of teacher education is illustrated to test the newly proposed method’s practicability.

1. Introduction

In 1965, Zadeh [1] firstly defined novel fuzzy sets (FSs) to cope with information in the fuzzy new domain [2–5]. To extend the FSs, the intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) [6] were also defined. Subsequently, FSs and its related extension knowledges are exploited into the more and more decision analysis domains [7–10]. Su et al. [11] proposed the interactive method for dynamic IF-MAGDM. Arya and Yadav [12] defined the intuitionistic fuzzy super-efficiency slack-based measure. Tian et al. [13] studied the partial derivative and complete differential of binary IF-mathematical functions. Garg [14] proposed the improved cosine similarity measure for IFSs. Tan [15] constructed the Choquet integral-based TOPSIS method for IF-MADM. Zhao et al. [16] defined the interactive intuitionistic fuzzy algorithms for multilevel programming problems. Li [17] built the GOWA operator to MADM using IFSs. Buyukozkan et al. [18] selected the transportation schemes with integrated intuitionistic fuzzy Choquet integral method. Joshi et al. [19] defined the Jensen-alpha-norm dissimilarity measure for IFSs. De and Sana [20] defined the (p, q, r, l) method for random demand with Bonferroni mean under IFSs. Li et al. [21] defined the time-preference and VIKOR-based dynamic method for IF-MADM. Niroomand [22] defined the multiobjective-based direct solution method for linear programming along with intuitionistic fuzzy parameters. Zhao et al. [23] perfected TODIM for IF-MAGDM on the strength of cumulative prospect theory. Yu et al. [24] defined the derivatives and differentials for multiplicative IFSs. Yu [25] defined the generalized prioritized geometric operators under IFSs. Wu and Zhang [26] built the IF-MADM based on weighted entropy. Verma and Sharma [27] defined the measure of inaccuracy IF-MADM. Iakovidis and Papageorgiou [28] defined the cognitive maps for medical decision-making under IFSs. Zhang et al. [29] built the GRA method based on cumulative prospect theory for intuitionistic fuzzy MAGDM. Zhao et al. [30] built the intuitionistic fuzzy MABAC method based on cumulative prospect theory.

The VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) [31–34] has been used to solve the GSS problems with different fuzzy information. Pamucar et al. [35] presented the original pairwise-CODAS method for MCDM. Roy et al. [36] established the CODAS method for MCDM issues with IVIFSs. Lan et al. [37] defined the interval-valued bipolar uncertain linguistic CODAS method. Wei et al. [38] defined the probabilistic uncertain linguistic CODAS method. He et al. [39] defined the CODAS procedures for 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy MAGDM. Lei et al. [40] built the probabilistic double hierarchy linguistic CODAS method. And the concept of fuzziness was first introduced by Zadeh [1], and then, it was expanded to many fields such as the decision and control. The intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) [41], hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) [42], interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS) [43], and so on are the expansion of the fuzzy sets. Then, Opricovic and Tzeng [44] defined the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFs). Until now, there are no studies for the VIKOR method under probabilistic hesitant fuzzy (PHF) environment. Thus, we extend the VIKOR method to probabilistic hesitant fuzzy (PHF) environment to deal with the flexible and complicated decision-making circumstance. Though the PHF-VIKOR model has been structured by Krishankumar et al. [45], we have some details changed in this paper to get more accruable selection. The following is the innovation of this paper: (1) a novel PHF-VIKOR method is proposed; (2) the extended VIKOR method is developed in the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment; (3) the normalization process of the original data has adapted the latest method to verify the precision; (4) the sensitivity analysis and comparison analysis is given with other existing models.

The whole thread of the article is as follows. Section 2 gives a simple introduction of the PHF concept. Section 3 structures the model of VIKOR, and Section 4 illustrates an example for management quality evaluation of teacher education to prove the practicability of this new method. Section 5 gives a conclusion.

2. Preliminary Knowledge

Definition 1 (see [46]). Let be a discourse set, and PHFS on is in terms of a function that when applied to whose value range is in and the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy element (PHFE) is denoted as is as follows:where , , , and is the value of the elements, is the possible membership degrees, and is the probability of the corresponding element, . We adapt a new normalization approach which is introduced by Li et al. [47] for the reason that this new normalization process breaks the limitation when processing multiplication of the sets with different probabilities.

Definition 2 (see [47]). Let , , and be three PHFEs, , , and . Step 1: determine the first element of normalized PHFEs. If , then and ; otherwise, and . Step 2: determine the second element of standardized PHFEs. If and , then and . If and , then and . If and , then and . If and , then and . Step 3: determine the third element of standardized PHFEs. If , and , then and . If , and, then and .From the above steps, and , .

Definition 3 (see [46]). The score function is calculated bywhere shows the th largest elements of PHFE and is the probability of the th largest membership degree.

Definition 4 (see [48]). Compare and by the following laws:(1) if (2) if and (3) if and (4) if and

Definition 5 (see [48]). and are normalized PHFEs, where and . The Lance distance between them is arranged as

Definition 6 (see [47]). The algorithms of two normalized PHFEs and are as follows:

Definition 7 (see [49]). Let be a fixed collection, and the PHF weighted averaging (PHFWA) operator is obtained bywhere is the weight of and , .

Definition 8 (see [49]). The equation of PHF weighted geometric (PHFWG) operator is shown as follows:

3. PHF-VIKOR Method for MAGDM

The MAGDM decision matrix is , and the optional alternatives is defined as and the attributes are , and is used to denote the decision makers. Furthermore, the weight of each decision maker is defined as and the weighting vector of criterions is which is unknown, :

Then, the PHF-VIKOR method is used to deal with MAGDM with PHFNs. Step 1: obtain the standardized decision matrices: Then, we obtain the normalized data according to the introduction in Definition 2. Step 2: integrate the group matrix into a matrix using Step 3: obtain the matrix of the score function of the integrated decision matrix: Step 4: acquire the criterion weights based on the information provided by DMs. The classical entropy-weighted method is used to obtain the weights among attributes . The calculation process is shown as follows:(i)Obtain the degree of entropy by the following equation:(ii)Calculate the entropy weight : Step 5: determine the and indexes by the following laws: Step 6: calculate the and indexes by the following equations: Step 7: compute out the VIKOR index according to the previous step: where denotes the strategic weight whose value is always defined to 0.5 [44], , , and . Step 8: get the final ranking of the solutions.

The final ranking results is determined by three parameters (, , and ). The value of these parameters means the smaller it is, the better the alternative is.

4. Case Study

The education plan is teacher-oriented. Excellent teachers can create excellent education. Education to teachers is the base of educational career which plays an important role in laying foundation and leading the way. Education to teachers takes up the significant position in educational career of different countries and promoting the quality of the public. Our country attaches great importance to the education to teachers and the quality improving of teachers has been put on the top of country develop strategy. Education to teachers in China has a long history and higher level. It experiences the process from nothing to everything, from disorder to making specific rules, from lower lever to higher level. The system of education to teachers has cultivated groups of qualified teachers for elementary and middle school to meet the demands of social politics and economy as well as scientific development, which contributes to the improvement of civil quality and economic development as well as the science and techniques. Research on the reform and develop history of Chinese education to teachers from the aspect of quality assurance not only contributes to deeply understanding the reform of education to teachers and quality assurance and enriching the research on American educational history but also has a significant influence in China, establishing and improving the teachers’ education institutions, reconstructing the policy of education to teachers, and improving the quality of teachers. A point in case about the management quality of teacher education with PHFNs would be utilized to illustrate the above methods. We shall give 5 possible college schools to choose. The experts select four attributes to evaluate the management quality of teacher education of these college schools: ① J₁ represents the environment of teaching and studying; ② J₂ means curriculum design and target; ③ J₃ represents the teaching practice; ④ J₄ means the student satisfaction. Several college schools shall be depicted with PHFNs by the three DMs (expert weighting is ) on the strength of 4 criterions; the PHFN decision matrix is depicted in Tables 1–3.

Then, the PHF-VIKOR method is used to deal with management quality evaluation of teacher education with PHFNs. Step 1: obtain the normalized matrices (see Tables 4–6). Step 2: obtain the integrated decision matrix (see Table 7). Step 3: build the score function of the integrated decision matrix (see Table 8). Step 4: using the entropy method, we compute out the weighting vector with the decision-making information . Step 5: determine the and indexes: Step 6: calculate the and indexes: Step 7: compute out the VIKOR index according to the previous step: Step 8: get the final ranking of the solutions:

5. Conclusions

In this study, we propose a new PHF-VIKOR model for management quality evaluation of teacher education with probabilistic hesitant fuzzy information. In this method, the decision-making information was provided by DMs in probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment. A novel VIKOR model was extended in the PHF circumstance for management quality evaluation of teacher education. Finally, we apply this model in a practical example and test the feasibility. In the future, we firmly believe that the PHF-VIKOR method will be applied in the more fields. Meanwhile, the integration of other classical method with more complex and uncertain information also needs more attention [50–52]. We are supposed to consider the attributes of actual situation when solving the management quality evaluation of teacher education.

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are included in the article.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the provincial Education Planning Office in 2018 (project no. sgh18h385).

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Copyright © 2021 Li Zhiqi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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