Spatiotemporal Coupling Coordination Analysis of Social Economy and Resource Environment of Central Cities in the Yellow River Basin

Table 1

Index system of social economy and resources environment.

Index system	Index (code)	Unit	Description	Index type	References
Social economy	Per capita GDP (x1)	10^4 yuan	Economic level of a city	+	Li et al. [13]
	Proportion of the tertiary industry output in GDP (x2)	%	Structure of industry	+	Hu [15]
	General local budget revenue of per capita (x3)	10^4 yuan	Level of government revenue	+	Ta and Ning [16]
	Per capita of fixed assets investment (x4)	10^4 yuan	Economic development capacity of a city	+	Zhang et al. [17]
	Urbanization rate (x5)	%	Level of urbanization	+	Zhang et al. [17]
	Population natural growth rate (x6)	%	Population growth	−	Li et al. [13]
	Per capita retail sales of social consumer goods (x7)	Yuan	Levels of people’s material and cultural life	+	Li et al. [13]
	Per ten thousand people of college students (x8)	Unit	Educational attainment of the population	+	Qi et al. [18]
	Number of health facilities per ten thousand people (x9)	Unit	Reflection of medical services	+	Huang et al. [19]
Resources and environment	Per capita of park and green land (x10)	m^2	Greening of the park	+	Li et al. [13]
	Green coverage rate in city (x11)	%	Efforts on afforestation of city	+	Ta and Ning [16]
	Ratio of industrial solid wastes comprehensively utilized (x12)	%	Efforts on pollution abatement	+	Zhang et al. [17]
	Urban sewage treatment rate (x13)	%	Efforts on pollution abatement	+	Li et al. [13]
	Industrial wastewater emissions per unit of GDP (x14)	Ton	Pollutant emission in industrial production process	−	Ma and Xu [8]
	Per capita of water resources (x15)	m^3	Water resources	+	Wang and Liu [20]
	Water consumption per unit of GDP (x16)	Ton	Water use in municipal districts	−	Ta and Ning [16]
	Per capita of industrial sulfur dioxide emission (x17)	Ton	Pollutant emission in industrial production process	−	Hu [15]