Stability Assessment of Candidate Reference Genes in Urine Sediment of Prostate Cancer Patients for miRNA Applications

Figure 3

Equivalence test for miR-191, miR-25, and SNORD48 in PCa and BPH groups. Solid circles represent the differences of means and bars indicate symmetrical confidence intervals. Logarithmic expression values were used to calculate the relative expression of each gene in PCa compared to BPH group. Fold changes in expression levels between prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) groups are plotted on -axis. Deviation area between solid lines ranging from −1 to 1 corresponds to fold changes ≤ 2, whereas dotted lines indicate a deviation area corresponding to a fold change ≤ 3. Equivalence was satisfied only by miR-191 (difference between means 0.277; CI [−0.07, 0.624]), whereas miR-25 (difference between means 1.155; CI [0.275, 2.035]) and SNORD48 (difference between means 0.419; CI [−0.375, 1.212]) fell out of the cutoff limits.