Toward Noninvasive Diagnosis of IgA Nephropathy: A Pilot Urinary Metabolomic and Proteomic Study

Table 4

Mean values for all analytes in the three groups of subjects.

Analyte (^1ng/mL, ^2pg/mL, ^3µg/mL)	Mean
	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3
Metabolomic markers
Malondialdehyde^1	22.1	32.3	31.2
4-Hydroxyhexenal^1	13.1	29.4	28.9
4-Hydroxynonenal^1	23.9	33.3	35.8
Hexanal^1	15.4	28.3	24.2
Heptanal^1	22.5	32.1	28.9
Oktanal^1	9.0	15.1	13.6
Nonanal^1	12.2	15.3	14.6
Decanal^1	9.0	13.8	12.6
Undodecanal^1	5.6	7.2	6.9
Dodecanal^1	6.6	8.1	7.5
3-Nitrotyrosine^2	52.5	76.4	74.6
8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine^2	190.2	341.8	303.3
8-Hydroxyguanosine^2	190.2	337.9	284.1
5-Hydroxymethyluracil^2	90.1	168.0	156.8
o-Tyrosine^2	54.6	91.4	82.6
3-Chlortyrosine^2	23.8	50.2	44.5
Leukotriene	151.3	381.2	293.1
8-Isoprostane^2	20.5	43.4	38.6
Leukotriene	120.0	135.5	126.0
Leukotriene	55.6	65.1	62.8
Leukotriene	63.9	76.4	71.6
Proteomic markers
Interleukin 6^2	38.8	110.5	78.8
Interleukin 8^2	18.3	97.4	60.6
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1^1	1.6	5.2	4.9
Epidermal growth factor^1	5.1	2.9	3.2
α1-Antitrypsin^1	16.0	55.0	40.6
IgA-Uromodulin^1	53.8	518.0	221.9
Galactose-deficient IgA1^1	49.8	186.7	141.3
Soluble transferrin receptor^1	10.0	41.2	37.5
LG3 fragment of endorepellin^1	14.0	53.2	63.9
Tumstatin^2	72.5	158.5	167.8
Endostatin^2	75.2	192.7	178.1
Heparan sulfate^3	0.1	2.1	1.1

Group 1 (healthy controls), group 2 (IgAN patients), and group 3 (disease controls, patients with membranous nephropathy, lupus nephritis, antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody vasculitis-associated kidney disease, or diabetic nephropathy).