Research Article
Circulating Glutamate and Taurine Levels Are Associated with the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Table 1
Characteristics of study subjects.
| | | | Paroxysmal AF | Control | value | | | | () | () |
| | Age, years | | 64.6 ± 8.3 | 61.8 ± 11.4 | NS | | Male, % | | 36 (72) | 23 (46) | <0.05 | | Body mass index | (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 3.4 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | NS | | Smoking, | (%) | 11 (22) | 13 (26) | NS | | Hypertension, | (%) | 31 (62) | 21 (42) | <0.05 | | Diabetes mellitus, | (%) | 6 (12) | 6 (12) | NS | | Hyperlipidemia, | (%) | 12 (24) | 14 (28) | NS | | Coronary artery disease, | (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | NS | | Laboratory measures | | | | | | Hemoglobin A1c | (%) | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.8 | NS | | Estimated glomerular filtration rate | (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 67.1 ± 13.0 | 73.4 ± 15.9 | NS | | Brain natriuretic peptide | (pg/mL) | 33.6 ± 40.7 | 73.4 ± 15.9 | NS | | Total cholesterol | (mg/dL) | 197 ± 35 | 201 ± 32 | NS | | High-density lipoprotein cholesterol | (mg/dL) | 54 ± 13 | 52 ± 11 | NS | | Triglycerides | (mg/dL) | 139 ± 75 | 131 ± 68 | NS | | Echocardiographic findings | | | | | | Left atrial dimension | (mm) | 40.5 ± 5.8 | 38.1 ± 6.3 | NS | | Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter | (mm) | 46.7 ± 6.1 | 46.6 ± 4.5 | NS | | Left ventricular ejection fraction | (%) | 65.2 ± 6.9 | 65.0 ± 7.4 | NS |
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Values are given as the mean ± the standard deviation (SD), or as total number of percentages. AF, atrial fibrillation; NS, not significant.
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