Increased Cathepsin D Correlates with Clinical Parameters in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of control subjects and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.
Characteristics
Control ()
Case ()
value
Male (%)
56 (57.1)
56 (57.1)
—
Age (years)
51.8 ± 7.1
52.1 ± 7.4
0.81
BMI (kg/m2)
22.5 ± 2.7
24.6 ± 2.6
<0.01
Smoking (%)
24 (24.5)
33 (33.7)
0.21
Systolic BP (mmHg)
123 ± 11
129 ± 13
<0.01
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
79 ± 7
83 ± 8
<0.01
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
4.6 ± 0.9
5.0 ± 1.2
0.01
Triglyceride (mmol/l)
1.5 ± 0.9
1.7 ± 0.7
0.04
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)
2.6 ± 0.7
2.9 ± 0.6
<0.01
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)
1.33 ± 0.30
1.29 ± 0.32
0.40
HbA1c (%)
5.7 ± 0.3
6.5 ± 0.4
<0.01
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)
5.8 ± 0.4
8.2 ± 1.1
<0.01
HOMA-IR
1.8 ± 0.9
5.1 ± 1.8
<0.01
HOMA-IS
58.8 ± 25.4
63.1 ± 26.9
0.25
Cathepsin D (ng/ml)
174 (138, 240)
227 (157, 362)
<0.01
Data are means ± SD, n (%), and median (25th and 75th percentiles). BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-IS: homeostasis model assessment of insulin secretion.
