Vitamin D and Incidence of Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: A Four-Year Follow-Up Community-Based Study

Table 2

Multiple logistic regression analyses of the prospective association between baseline 25(OH)D status and 4-year diabetes incidence.

		Risk of incident prediabetes			Risk of incident diabetes
		Prediabetes incidence % (n/ntotal)	OR (95% CI)	value	Diabetes incidence % (n/ntotal)	OR (95% CI)	value
25(OH)D^† (nmol/L)	Q1 (13.93–33.56)	26.2 (32/122)	3.01 (1.50–6.06)	0.002	9.8 (12/122)	5.61 (1.73–18.27)	0.004
	Q2 (33.57–40.11)	18.7 (23/123)	1.68 (0.81–3.46)	0.163	6.5 (8/123)	2.12 (0.64–7.02)	0.217
	Q3 (40.12–46.38)	18.7 (23/123)	1.64 (0.80–3.38)	0.178	4.1 (5/123)	1.77 (0.48–6.58)	0.561
	Q4 (46.39–80.30)	13.9 (17/122)	1.00 (reference)		4.9 (6/122)	1.00 (reference)
Age	—	—	1.04 (1.02–1.06)	<0.001	—	1.07 (1.03–1.10)	<0.001
FH of diabetes	—	—	3.91 (2.10–7.27)	<0.001	—	4.16 (1.52–11.36)	0.005
Sex (male)	—	—	—	—	—	7.14 (2.86–17.81)	<0.001

^†OR was calculated with the use of binary logit model (forward conditional). Adjusted for age, sex, FH of diabetes, change in BMI, change in WHR, change in SBP, change in TG, changes in TC, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption during follow-up. 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Q: quartile; FH: family history; WHR: waist/hip ratio; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride.