Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Use of Hydroxyurea: Association between Polymorphisms in Genes Encoding Metabolizing Drug Enzymes and Laboratory Parameters
Table 1
Laboratory profiles of SCA patients treated (SCA-HU+) and untreated (SCA-HU−) with HU.
SCA-HU+ patients ()
SCA-HU− patients ()
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
value
Age (years)
12 (5–42)
11 (2–55)
0.05
Gender
Male, N (%)
19 (54.29%)
35 (52.24%)
—
Female, N (%)
16 (45.71%)
32 (47.76%)
Hemoglobins
HbS (%)
79.38 ± 10.34
85.92 ± 5.79
<0.001
HbF (%)
13.66 ± 6.25
9.82 ± 5.84
0.003
Hemolysis
RBC (×109/mL)
2.57 ± 0.39
2.63 ± 0.41
0.498
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
8.57 ± 1.28
8.15 ± 1.17
0.096
Reticulocyte (%)
6.79 ± 2.25
6.93 ± 2.22
0.813
Hematocrit (%)
24.87 ± 3.82
23.50 ± 3.19
0.057
MCH (pg)
32.54 ± 3.69
30.97 ± 3.31
0.032
MCHC (%)
34.51 ± 1.33
34.89 ± 1.41
0.200
MCV (fL)
94.13 ± 10.08
89.20 ± 7.38
0.006
Erythroblast (/102 leukocytes)
1.46 ± 1.33
2.47 ± 2.25
0.048
Haptoglobin (mg/dL)
5.83 ± 0.00
5.84 ± 0.05
0.485
Hemolysis plus hepatic
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)
45.34 ± 14.97
54.45 ± 16.56
0.008
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
1.83 ± 0.72
2.73 ± 1.36
<0.001
Indirect bilirubin (mg/dL)
1.35 ± 0.67
2.07 ± 1.32
0.003
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)
0.48 ± 0.16
0.63 ± 0.26
0.009
Iron serum (mcg/dL)
102.50 ± 45.80
105.70 ± 49.81
0.770
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)
947.20 ± 354.80
1169.00 ± 457.20
0.023
Platelets
Platelet (×103/mL)
431.50 ± 153.50
483.50 ± 133.20
0.082
Leukocytes
Leukocyte (/mL)
12016.14 ± 4778.30
13490.30 ± 3319.20
0.047
Eosinophil (/mL)
429.80 ± 280.20
971.40 ± 861.60
<0.001
Monocyte (/mL)
840.90 ± 466.40
999.70 ± 354.70
0.009
Lipid and glycemic
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
118.20 ± 16.06
127.40 ± 21.12
0.032
HDL-C (mg/dL)
33.00 ± 7.47
31.34 ± 7.57
0.244
LDL-C (mg/dL)
70.05 ± 20.78
75.36 ± 18.78
0.199
VLDL-C (mg/dL)
17.64 ± 6.16
20.03 ± 10.05
0.596
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
88.61 ± 31.19
100.40 ± 49.93
0.609
Glucose (mg/dL)
74.23 ± 7.40
72.34 ± 7.86
0.243
Renal
Urea (mg/dL)
16.86 ± 5.21
15.66 ± 5.31
0.282
Creatinine (mg/dL)
0.47 ± 0.16
0.41 ± 0.13
0.067
Hepatic
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)
20.74 ± 8.49
24.59 ± 13.79
0.309
Total protein (g/dL)
8.17 ± 0.42
7.97 ± 0.92
0.223
Albumin (g/dL)
4.47 ± 0.39
4.45 ± 0.33
0.821
Globulin (g/dL)
3.70 ± 0.56
3.51 ± 0.88
0.261
Inflammation
Uric acid (mg/dL)
4.15 ± 1.22
4.05 ± 1.14
0.677
C-reactive protein (mg/L)
8.26 ± 6.40
4.95 ± 3.87
0.003
Ferritin (ng/dL)
308.50 ± 219.60
155.7 ± 95.41
<0.001
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (mg/dL)
161.30 ± 41.01
153.60 ± 34.86
0.328
RBC: red blood cell; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCV: mean corpuscular volume; MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; HbS: S hemoglobin; HbF: fetal hemoglobin; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-C: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SCA-HU+: SCA patient treated with HU; SCA-HU−: SCA patient untreated with HU; unpaired t-test, Mann Whitney U test.
