Clinical and Biological Predictors of Plasma Levels of Soluble RAGE in Critically Ill Patients: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Observational Study

Table 1

Main baseline characteristics at ICU admission. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or (%). Percentages may not exactly total 100% because of rounding. The body mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. ICU: intensive care unit; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; SAPS II: simplified acute physiology score II.

Age (years)	61.4 ± 16
Male sex	195 (66)
Body mass index (kg·m^−2)	26.4 ± 7.2
Primary reason for ICU admission
Medical	181 (62)
Emergent surgery	57 (19)
Planned surgery	50 (17)
Coexisting chronic conditions
Hypertension	117 (40)
Current smoking	72 (24)
Dyslipidemia	61 (21)
Atherosclerosis	54 (18)
Diabetes	53 (18)
Cancer	48 (16)
COPD	30 (10)
Liver cirrhosis	18 (6)
Chronic renal failure requiring dialysis	9 (3)
Asthma	5 (2)
Diagnosis at admission
Septic shock	33 (11)
Coma	33 (11)
Pneumonia	26 (9)
Brain trauma	24 (8)
Intra-abdominal sepsis	19 (6)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	19 (6)
Stroke	19 (6)
Acute liver failure	18 (6)
Abdominal surgery	13 (4)
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage	13 (4)
Acute kidney injury	13 (4)
Status epilepticus	13 (4)
Thoracic trauma	11 (4)
Vascular surgery	9 (3)
Neurosurgery	9 (3)
Pancreatitis	7 (2)
Aspiration	6 (2)
Pleural effusion	4 (1)
Thoracic surgery	3 (1)
Acute severe asthma	3 (1)
Cardiac surgery	1 (0)
Kidney transplantation	1 (0)
Kidney trauma	1 (0)
Meningoencephalitis	2 (1)
Primary ARDS risk factor
High-risk surgery	108 (37)
Shock	83 (28)
Sepsis	67 (23)
Pneumonia	37 (13)
Severe trauma	30 (10)
Drug overdose	9 (3)
Pancreatitis	8 (3)
Aspiration	5 (2)
Lung injury prediction score (LIPS)	5 ± 2.5
SAPS II	44.3 ± 19.7
Specific treatment at admission
Vasopressor use	62 (21)
Corticosteroids	16 (5)
Neuromuscular blocking agent	2 (1)
Ventilation at admission
Spontaneous breathing	150 (51)
Invasive ventilation	126 (43)
Noninvasive ventilation	18 (6)