Clinical Significance of Pre-to-Postoperative Dynamics of Aspartate Transaminase/Alanine Transaminase Ratio in Predicting the Prognosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma after Surgical Treatment

Table 3

Multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify predictors for overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma following radical nephrectomy.

Variables	Univariate			Multivariate
	Hazard ratio	95% CI	value	Hazard ratio	95% CI	value
Age at surgery
<60 years	Reference			Reference
≥60 years	2.16	1.48–3.16	<0.001	2.03	1.36–3.02	0.008
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.63	0.39–1.01	0.052
BMI (kg/m^2)
<25	Reference			Reference
≥25	0.61	0.41–0.91	0.014	0.68	0.45–1.03	0.068
Preoperative AST/ALT ratio
≤1.00 (lower)	Reference
>1.00 (higher)	1.17	0.80–1.71	0.414
Postoperative AST/ALT ratio
≤1.12 (lower)	Reference			Reference
>1.12 (higher)	1.51	1.03–2.21	0.034	1.43	0.96–2.13	0.074
AST/ALT dynamics
Lower → lower	Reference			Reference
Lower → higher	2.41	1.36–4.25	0.002	2.18	1.23–3.89	0.008
Higher → lower	1.74	0.97–3.10	0.062	1.19	0.65–2.17	0.571
Higher → higher	1.57	0.95–2.60	0.077	1.24	0.74–2.08	0.417
Tumor size (cm)
<7	Reference			Reference
≥7	3.12	2.09–4.62	<0.001	2.91	1.93–4.40	<0.001
Histology
Clear cell	Reference
Nonclear cell	1.09	0.63–1.88	0.759
pT stage
pT1–2	Reference			Reference
pT3–4	3.11	2.12–4.56	<0.001	2.20	1.47–3.28	<0.001
Fuhrman grade
Low	Reference			Reference
High	1.17	1.10–2.83	0.018	1.29	0.79–2.12	0.303