Type I Interferons: Key Players in Normal Skin and Select Cutaneous Malignancies

Table 2

Effect of type I Interferon on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Type of effect	Description of effect	References
Antiproliferative	IFN-𝛽 has greater antiproliferative effect than IFN-𝛼 in SCL-1 cells.; IFN-𝛼 induced a partial G1/0 arrest in SRB12-p9 cells.; SCC-12B.2 cell line is less sensitive than normal keratinocytes to growth inhibitory effects of IFNs-𝛼,𝛽	[17, 24–26]
Proapoptotic	IFN-𝛼 led to a twofold increase in apoptosis in SRB12-p9 cells compared to controls.; Upon IFN-𝛼 treatment, SRB-12 cells exhibited ultrastructural evidence of apoptosis on microscopy.	[26, 27]
Immunomodulatory	IFNs-𝛼, 𝛽 reduced IFN-γ-induced HLA-DR expression in A431 cells.	[25]
Miscellaneous	Compared to normal skin, there was decreased staining intensity for ISGF3 proteins in not only specimens of human skin SCCs but also specimens of actinic keratoses.; Cell growth inhibitory effect of IFN-α requires an intact STAT2 protein.	[4, 5, 28]