Differences in Characteristics and Treatment Received among Depressed Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatients with and without Co-Occuring Alcohol Misuse: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study

Table 1

Sociodemographic, diagnostic, and clinical characteristics of depressed outpatients by alcohol use at baseline (𝑛=156).

Characteristic	Nonmisusers (Audit <8) (86)	Alcohol misusers (Audit ≥8) (70)	P value
Sex, no. (%)			.51
Male	17 (19.8)	11 (15.7)
Female	69 (80.2)	59 (84.3)
Age at baseline, mean (SD; median)	16.3 (1.5; 17.0)	16.5 (1.7; 17.0)	.64
SES of parents, no. (%)			.19
Upper middle cl	23 (26.7)	18 (25.7)
Lower middle cl	38 (44.2)	21 (30.0)
Working class	19 (22.1)	25 (35.7)
Other	6 (7.0)	6 (8.6)
Divorce of parents, no. (%)	36 (41.9)	31 (44.3)	.65
Parents’ mental health problems, no. (%)	35 (42.2)	28 (43.1)	.91
Parents’ alcohol use problems, no. (%)	31 (36.9)	35 (53.0)	.048
Perceived social support
Total, mean (SD; median)	44.7 (11.2; 46.5)	43.5 (8.9;44.5)	.17
Close/intimate friend	16.1 (4.9; 18.0)	16.7 (4.1;18.0)	.63
Family	13.8 (4.4; 14.0)	11.6 (4.7;11.5)	.004
Friends	14.9 (5.1; 16.5)	15.2 (4.8;16.0)	.87
Age of 1st mood disorder, mean (SD; median)	13.4 (2.5; 13.5)	13.2 (2.9; 13.0)	.67
Depression diagnosis, no. (%)			.75
MDD single	45 (52.3)	36 (51.4)
MDD recurrent	21 (24.4)	20 (28.6)
Dysthymia/Douple dep	13 (15.1)	7 (10.0)
Minor	7 (8.1)	7 (10.0)
Axis I: any comorbidity, no. (%)	62 (72.1)	52 (74.3)	.76
Any SUD, no. (%)	4 (4.7)	22 (31.4)	<.001
Axis II: any comorbidity, no. (%)	30 (34.9)	28 (41.2)	.42
Axis III: medical comorbidity, no (%)	29 (33.7)	14 (20.0)	.56
Axis V: GAF score <60, no. (%)	64 (74.4)	61 (87.1)	.048
BDI score at baseline, mean (SD; median)	21.0 (8.7; 19.5)	23.8 (8.8; 24.5)	.03
AUDIT score at baseline, mean (SD; median)	2.7 (2.4; 2.0)	14.4 (5.9; 12.0)	<.001
BAI score at baseline, mean (SD; median)	20.8 (11.4; 19.0)	22.9 (12.2; 20.0)	.38
SSI score at baseline, mean (SD; median)	4.1 (7.1; 0)	5.8 (7.2; 3.0)	.12