Association between Cognitive Distortion, Type D Personality, Family Environment, and Depression in Chinese Adolescents

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of study sample.

	Depression; (𝑁=86)	Normal Controls; (𝑁=108)	𝜒2/𝑡	𝑃
Age	16.1 ± 1.7	16.1 ± 1.6	6.380	.380
Sex			.334	.663
male	45 (52.3%)	61 (56.5%)
female	41 (47.7%)	47 (43.5%)
Education			4.339	.051
middle school	38 (44.2%)	32 (29.6%)
high school	48 (55.8%)	76 (70.4%)
Father education			1.627	.435
≤middle school	26 (30.2%)	25 (23.1%)
high school	36 (41.9%)	54 (50.0%)
>high school	24 (27.9%)	29 (26.9%)
Mother education			2.026	.369
≤middle school	35 (40.7%)	36 (33.3%)
high school	39 (45.3%)	60 (55.6%)
>high school	12 (14.0%)	12 (11.1%)
Father age	43.7 ± 4.4	42.7 ± 3.8	33.863	.129
Mother age	42.9 ± 4.5	41.2 ± 3.4	32.654	.136
Family structure			.312	1.000
Two parents	82 (95.3%)	102 (94.4%)
Single parent	1 (1.2%)	2 (1.9%)
Neither-parent-living	3 (3.5%)	4 (3.7%)
Family income			1.200	.630
Below average	7 (8.1%)	9 (8.3%)
Average	77 (89.5%)	93 (88.0%)
Above average	2 (2.4%)	6 (3.7%)

Note: Chi-Square test adopted Fisher’s value of exact probability; % represented composing percent.