Early Life Stress and Child Temperament Style as Predictors of Childhood Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms: Findings from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children

Table 2

Summary of logistic regression analysis predicting anxiety and depressive symptoms in 4 year old children.

	Anxious-depressive symptoms at 3-4 years of age, 𝑁=314 (10.0%)	Model 1 unadjusted	Model 2 adjusted	Model 3 (males)	Model 4 (females)
	𝑛 (%)	OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
High life stress 𝑁=1132 (33.7%)	135 (11.9)	1.37 (1.06, 1.77)	1.31 (1.02, 1.71)	1.18 (0.81, 1.73)	1.47 (1.02, 2.11)
High reactive 𝑁=742 (23.7%)	120 (16.2)	2.03 (1.56, 2.46)	1.97 (1.51, 2.57)	1.84 (1.25, 2.71)	2.07 (1.43, 3.00)
High avoidant 𝑁=1131 (36.1%)	156 (13.8)	1.85 (1.44, 2.38)	1.85 (1.43, 2.38)	2.50 (1.74, 3.60)	1.34 (0.94, 1.91)
High impulsive 𝑁=1226 (39.1%)	132 (10.8)	1.20 (0.93, 1.55)	1.23 (0.96, 1.59)	1.24 (0.86, 1.78)	1.28 (0.89, 1.85)

Note: 𝑁: Number at risk; 𝑛: Number with depression level endpoint; %: prevalence.
Model 1: unadjusted odd ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) for associations between temperament and anxious-depressive symptoms in childhood.
Model 2: aORs adjusted also for maternal age, parent’s marital status, and SEIFA index of socioeconomic status.
Models 3 and 4: aORs adjusted for the same covariates separately for males and females.