Bipolar Disorder and the TCI: Higher Self-Transcendence in Bipolar Disorder Compared to Major Depression
Table 2
Adjusted means of TCI scales and subscales found to be significant in original ANOVA corrected for mood at time of completing TCI questionnaire using total BDI score as a covariate.
Bipolar I ()
Bipolar II ()
Major depressive disorder ()
Unaffected relatives ()
-statistic
value
Adjusted mean
SE
Adjusted mean
SE
Adjusted mean
SE
Adjusted mean
SE
Harm Avoidance
16.99
0.88
15.82
1.23
15.97
0.64
13.65
0.63
3.52
.019
HA1 (anticipatory worry versus uninhibited optimism)
4.44
0.31
4.77
0.41
4.22
0.24
3.58
0.23
2.76
.047
HA2 (fear of uncertainty versus confidence)
4.49
0.20
3.64
0.33
4.26
0.18
3.79
0.19
3.05
.033
HA4 (fatigability and asthenia versus vigour)
4.33
0.34
3.73
0.46
3.52
0.20
2.75
0.2
5.89
.001
Self Directedness
33.47
0.88
32.21
1.37
35.10
0.54
35.07
0.68
1.57
.2
SD1 (responsibility versus blaming)
6.47
0.21
5.95
0.33
6.65
0.13
6.39
0.18
1.89
.14
SD2 (purposefulness versus lack-of-goal direction)
5.74
0.24
5.50
0.28
6.05
0.17
5.83
0.17
0.97
.41
SD3 (resourcefulness)
3.43
0.20
3.69
0.20
3.86
0.11
4.10
0.1
3.26
.026
SD4 (self-acceptance versus self-striving)
8.33
0.34
7.75
0.53
8.62
0.25
8.70
0.25
0.9
.44
SD5 (congruent second nature)
9.50
0.33
9.31
0.42
9.91
0.16
10.05
0.21
1.05
.37
Self Transcendence
22.13
1.55
18.57
1.69
17.53
1.13
15.69
1.24
3.12
.03
ST1 (self-forgetfulness versus self-conscious experience)
3.82
0.30
3.72
0.45
2.96
0.23
2.33
0.2
5.77
.001
ST3 (spiritual acceptance versus rational materialism)
