Depressive Symptoms and Psychosocial Functioning in Preadolescent Children

Table 1

Mean scores and main effects of sex and grade and the sex by grade interaction for depressive symptoms, affect, and self-concept.

Outcome	Depressive symptoms	Positive affect	Negative affect	Academic self-concept	Social self-concept	Sporting self-concept	Global self- worth
Sex
Boys	8.11	38.79	21.31	3.03	3.09	3.06	3.25
Girls	8.59	38.18	22.39	3.00	2.99	2.88	3.24
Standard error	.69	.50	.57	.05	.06	.06	.05
𝑃	.87	.09	.15	1.00	.19	.00	.86
Grade
Grades 3 & 4	8.92	38.77	22.61	2.99	2.97	2.94	3.23
Grades 5 & 6	7.79	38.20	21.09	3.04	3.11	2.99	3.26
Standard error	.94	.55	1.05	0.07	.08	.06	.05
𝑃	.22	.25	.08	.43	.05	.33	.48
Sex by grade
Boys Grades 3 and 4	9.36	39.49	22.27	2.95	2.96	2.97	3.23
Boys Grades 5 and 6	6.87	38.10	20.36	3.11	3.23	3.14	3.27
Girls Grades 3 and 4	8.47	38.06	22.95	3.03	2.97	2.91	3.29
Girls Grades 5 and 6	8.72	38.29	21.83	2.96	3.00	2.84	3.19
Standard error	1.18	.80	1.20	.09	1.00	.09	.07
𝑃	.05	.11	.48	.03	.05	.03	.12
ICC	4.64%	1.06%	11.43%	3.60%	4.18%	2.91%	0.56%