Mental Health Services Required after Disasters: Learning from the Lasting Effects of Disasters

Table 2

Interventions in the aftermath of disasters.

Level	Intervention	Target population	Examples of interventions	Interventions conducted by
1	Psychological first aid (PFA)	Most of the people who are affected	Restoring immediate safety Restoring contact with loved ones	All responders and aid workers
2	Community development	Communities after large-scale events	Schools, sports, meetings, newsletters to unite groups of people	All responders and aid workers
3	Skills for psychosocial recovery (SPR)	People whose distress is sustained by bereavement or secondary stressors	Brief needs assessment	Healthcare practitioners and workers trained in the skills
			Problem-solving
			Social support
4	Psychosocial interventions for medium- and long-term problems	People whose distress is sustained and associated with functional impairment	Trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy	Staff of mental healthcare facilities