Sedative Drug Use among King Saud University Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Sampling Study
Table 1
Demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics of sedative drug users and nonusers.
Characteristics
Sedative use, (%)
Total
OR
95% CI
P value
Yes
No
Gender
Female*
61 (17.0)
297 (82.9)
358
1
Male
63 (17.0)
308 (83.0)
371
0.996
0.677–1.466
0.983
Academic year
3rd*
45 (21.6)
163 (78.4)
208
1
1st, 2nd
37 (12.0)
271 (88.0)
308
0.495
0.307–0.796
0.003
4th, 5th
42 (19.6)
172 (80.4)
214
0.884
0.552–1.418
0.610
GPA
4.5–5.0*
28 (10.7)
234 (89.3)
262
1
4.0–4.49
39 (19.5)
161 (80.5)
200
2.024
1.197–3.423
0.008
3.5–3.99
37 (23.4)
121 (76.6)
158
2.555
1.493–4.375
<0.0001
<3.5
15 (21.1)
56 (78.8)
71
2.239
1.121–4.47
0.02
Marital status
Others*
2 (8.0)
23 (92.0)
25
1
Single
122 (17.3)
582 (82.7)
704
2.411
0.56–10.36
0.172a
Father’s education
High*
54 (20.3)
212 (79.7)
266
1
Low
70 (15.1)
393 (84.9)
463
0.699
0.472–1.035
0.073
Mother’s education
High*
18 (19.6)
74 (80.4)
92
1
Low
106 (16.8)
524 (83.2)
630
0.832
0.477–1.450
0.515
Family income, SR
>10,000*
104 (17.2)
499 (82.8)
603
1
<10,000
14 (16.3)
72 (83.7)
86
0.933
0.507–1.717
0.824
Residence
Others*
11 (14.3)
66 (85.7)
77
1
Family
113 (17.5)
513 (79.7)
644
1.277
0.653–2.495
0.474
Smoking
No*
105 (16.2)
542 (83.8)
647
1
Yes
19 (22.4)
66 (77.6)
85
1.486
0.856–2.579
0.157
Exercise
No*
74 (14.6)
432 (85.4)
506
1
Yes
59 (26.6)
163 (73.4)
222
1.687
1.131–2.517
0.01
Stimulants, no exam
Yes*
120 (17.7)
559 (82.3)
679
1
No
4 (7.4)
50 (92.6)
54
0.373
0.132–1.052
0.053
Stimulants, exam
Yes*
122 (17.6)
572 (82.4)
694
1
No
2 (5.3)
36 (94.7)
38
0.260
0.062–1.096
0.049
Sleep hours
6–8*
58 (15.5)
317 (84.5)
375
1
4–6
44 (24.2)
138 (75.8)
182
1.743
1.122–2.705
0.0013
8–10
17 (12.9)
115 (87.1)
132
0.808
0.452–1.445
0.471
>10
5 (12.5)
35 (87.5)
40
0.781
0.294–2.076
0.619
Sleep pattern
Night/day*
78 (16.6)
392 (83.4)
470
1
Night
46 (17.8)
212 (82.2)
258
1.09
0.730–1.628
0.672
Sleep quality
Others*
90 (14.6)
525 (85.4)
615
1
Poor
34 (28.8)
84 (71.2)
118
2.361
1.495–3.728
<0.001
Sleep disorder
Yes*
76 (28.8)
188 (71.2)
264
1
No
46 (10.4)
395 (89.6)
441
0.288
0.192–0.432
<0.001
P value was calculated using Fisher’s exact test. All other P values are calculated using the chi-square test. Reference group. OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, GPA: grade point average, SR: Saudi Riyal. OR and CI were calculated using contingency tables or cross-tabulations and logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between the variables.
