Factors Significantly Contributing to a Failed Conventional Endoscopic Stone Clearance in Patients with “Difficult” Choledecholithiasis: A Single-Center Experience

Table 3

Univariate analyses of contributing factors to failed endoscopic stone extraction.

	SE		value
	Failed; 205 (%)	Difficult successful 221 (%)
Age			0.028
85	167 (51.2)	159 (48.8)
85	38 (38.0)	62 (62.0)
Periampullary diverticula			0.016
No	121 (43.7)	156 (56.3)
Yes	84 (56.4)	65 (43.6)
Multiple stones			0.046
No	69 (56.1)	54 (43.9)
Yes	136 (44.9)	167 (55.1)
Diameter of CBD stones			0.012
15 mm	113 (54.6)	94 (45.4)
15 mm	92 (42.0)	127 (58.0)
Presence of T-tube in situ + proximal lithiasis			NS
No	180 (47.1)	202 (52.9)
Yes	25 (56.8)	19 (43.2)
Iatrogenic injury to the extrahepatic biliary tree + lithiasis			NS
No	194 (47.7)	213 (52.3)
Yes	11 (57.9)	8 (42.1)
Intrahepatic stones			NS
No	197 (48.6)	208 (51.4)
Yes	8 (38.1%)	13 (61.9)
Previous gastrojejunostomy			NS
No	199 (48.7)	210 (51.3)
Yes	6 (35.3)	11 (64.7)
Acute distal CBD (common bile duct) angulation			NS
No	198 (48.2)	213 (51.8)
Yes	7 (46.7)	8 (53.3)
Impacted stone			NS
No	160 (49.2)	165 (50.8)
Yes	45 (44.6)	56 (55.4)